McKee K, Adams E
The BirthPlace, San Diego, CA 92103.
J Nurse Midwifery. 1994 Sep-Oct;39(5):300-11. doi: 10.1016/0091-2182(94)90130-9.
In 1990 a symposium was held by the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists and the National Abortion Federation to address the national shortage of physician abortion providers. One symposium recommendation was that nurse-midwives be trained to perform first-trimester legal abortions under physician supervision. A national mail survey was conducted to determine the attitudes of nurse-midwives toward performing abortion and related procedures. One-half of the nurse-midwives who were members of the American College of Nurse-Midwives as of October 1991 were polled, and 1,208 questionnaires (71.1%) were returned, resulting in a sample representative of the general membership and students. Seventy-nine percent of respondents would not support federal and state efforts to limit access to abortion, 52% would or possibly would vote in a secret ballot to permit the performance of abortion by certified nurse-midwives; 24% would, or possibly would, incorporate abortion procedures into their practice; and 19% would, or possibly would, perform abortions in an abortion clinic. The lowest level of support to permit the certified nurse-midwife practice of abortion came from the midwest (31%) and southeast (41%) and the greatest from the west coast (65%). Supporters for the nurse-midwife performance of abortion were more likely to have practiced well-woman gynecology and provided abortion-related services such as abortion referrals, pre- and postabortion workups and the treatment of abortion-related complications. They were more likely to have inserted intrauterine contraceptive devices and laminaria, and to have performed circumcision. Opinions about the performance of abortion were not related to age, education, or student status. The majority of nurse-midwives (91%) would be willing to refer a woman to another provider for an abortion, prescribe RU 486 (57%), and perform dilation and curettage for spontaneous abortion (56%). The American College of Nurse-Midwives membership reported many different reasons for support of and opposition to professional involvement with abortion. Further research suggestions for institutional policy and individual practice are offered.
1990年，美国妇产科医师学会和全国堕胎联合会召开了一次研讨会，以解决全国范围内堕胎医生短缺的问题。研讨会提出的一项建议是，培训助产士在医生监督下进行孕早期合法堕胎。开展了一项全国性的邮寄调查，以确定助产士对进行堕胎及相关手术的态度。截至1991年10月，对美国助产士学院成员中的一半进行了民意调查，共收回1208份问卷（71.1%），形成了一个能代表全体成员和学生的样本。79%的受访者不支持联邦和州限制堕胎渠道的举措，52%的人会或可能会在无记名投票中支持认证助产士进行堕胎手术；24%的人会或可能会将堕胎手术纳入其业务范围；19%的人会或可能会在堕胎诊所进行堕胎手术。允许认证助产士进行堕胎手术的支持率最低的是中西部地区（31%）和东南部地区（41%），最高的是西海岸地区（65%）。支持助产士进行堕胎手术的人更有可能从事过女性健康妇科工作，并提供过与堕胎相关的服务，如堕胎转诊、堕胎前后检查以及堕胎相关并发症的治疗。他们更有可能放置过宫内节育器和海藻棒，以及进行过环切手术。对堕胎手术的看法与年龄、教育程度或学生身份无关。大多数助产士（91%）愿意将女性转介给其他提供者进行堕胎手术，愿意开RU 486（57%），并愿意为自然流产进行刮宫术（56%）。美国助产士学院成员报告了支持和反对专业人员参与堕胎的许多不同原因。文中还针对机构政策和个人执业提出了进一步的研究建议。
