Kirkeby O J
Institutt for Kirurgisk Forskning, Universitetet i Oslo.
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 1994 Aug 10;114(18):2109-12.
The biologic incorporation of bone grafts into host bone is dependent upon the type of graft, but the aim in all cases is to replace the graft with host bone by bone resorption and new bone formation. This is best achieved by transplanting fresh autogeneic bone. Allogeneic bone grafts are less efficient because of immunological reactions to the grafts, but they are the only alternative in clinical practice. There are several methods of preparing the allogeneic grafts to make them more suitable for clinical use, e.g. deep-freezing, freeze-drying, or demineralization. Experimentally attempts have been made to reduce the immunological reactions to allogeneic bone, or to combine the graft with bone-inducing substances. The basic knowledge of bone transplant biology has improved greatly in recent years, but is still inadequate to achieve an improvement in the established clinical practice.
骨移植生物性融合至宿主骨取决于移植骨的类型，但在所有情况下，目标都是通过骨吸收和新骨形成，用宿主骨替代移植骨。这通过移植新鲜自体骨能最好地实现。同种异体骨移植因对移植骨的免疫反应而效率较低，但它们是临床实践中的唯一替代选择。有几种制备同种异体移植物的方法，使其更适合临床使用，例如深度冷冻、冻干或脱矿质。在实验中，人们已尝试减少对同种异体骨的免疫反应，或将移植物与骨诱导物质相结合。近年来，骨移植生物学的基础知识有了很大改进，但仍不足以改善既定的临床实践。
