Kooi F L, Toet A, Tripathy S P, Levi D M
TNO Institute for Human Factors, Soesterberg, The Netherlands.
Spat Vis. 1994;8(2):255-79. doi: 10.1163/156856894x00350.
Spatial interactions are extensive in the peripheral visual field, extending up to about half the retinal eccentricity of the target (Toet and Levi, Vision Res. 32, 1349-1357, 1992). In the present study it is shown that the degree and extent of peripheral spatial interaction depends in large measure on the similarity between test and flanking stimuli. The stimulus consisted of a test T surrounded by four distracting flanking Ts, each randomly oriented. The task was to determine the orientation of the test T. The test and flanking Ts differed in contrast polarity, shape, depth, color, eye of origin, or contrast. When the target and flanks differed in contrast polarity, depth, or shape, performance improved markedly for all observers. A color difference enhanced the performance of most but not all observers. Eye-of-origin had no effect, that is, spatial interaction was identical when the target and flanks were presented to the same eye, or to opposite eyes. The role of stimulus duration in spatial interaction was examined in two additional experiments. In the first, the stimulus viewing duration was increased in order to allow the observer time to serially search for the test T. In the second experiment, a postmask was presented at the location of the test T. The results of these experiments showed that the influence of similarity was independent of stimulus duration and the postmask, and suggest that serial search does not play an important role in the spatial interaction effects reported here. The extent of spatial interaction is correlated with the ability to do parallel search.
空间相互作用在周边视野中广泛存在，延伸至目标视网膜离心率的约一半（Toet和Levi，《视觉研究》32卷，1349 - 1357页，1992年）。在本研究中表明，周边空间相互作用的程度和范围在很大程度上取决于测试刺激与侧翼刺激之间的相似性。刺激由一个被四个随机定向的干扰性侧翼T包围的测试T组成。任务是确定测试T的方向。测试T和侧翼T在对比度极性、形状、深度、颜色、起源眼或对比度方面存在差异。当目标和侧翼在对比度极性、深度或形状上不同时，所有观察者的表现都有显著提高。颜色差异提高了大多数但并非所有观察者的表现。起源眼没有影响，也就是说，当目标和侧翼呈现给同一只眼或相反的眼时，空间相互作用是相同的。在另外两个实验中研究了刺激持续时间在空间相互作用中的作用。在第一个实验中，增加刺激观看持续时间，以便让观察者有时间串行搜索测试T。在第二个实验中，在测试T的位置呈现一个后掩蔽。这些实验的结果表明，相似性的影响与刺激持续时间和后掩蔽无关，并表明串行搜索在此处报道的空间相互作用效应中不发挥重要作用。空间相互作用的程度与进行并行搜索的能力相关。
