Outpatient total body irradiation for bone marrow transplantation.

Five selected patients entering a BMT program were included in a prospective feasibility study to evaluate the tolerance to total body irradiation (TBI) on an outpatient basis. Four fractions of 3 Gy in 4 consecutive days (8 Gy lung total dose) were given. Ondansetron 8 mg/8 h orally was used without sedation as anti-emetic regimen. After each treatment dose, patients went home where they remained in close telephone contact with the BMT team. After the last TBI fraction, patients were hospitalized and treated with cyclophosphamide 60 mg/g/day for 2 consecutive days. The outpatient TBI regimen was well tolerated in four cases. Only one patient presented with nausea and vomiting after the second treatment day. She was admitted to the hospital and treated with chlorpromazine. During the conditioning and hematological recovery period, no complications related to the outpatient TBI could be identified. We conclude that TBI can be given on an outpatient basis with safety. Additionally, it represents a cost saving of US$ 1160 per patient.