Chapuis J L, Chantal J, Bijlenga G
Laboratoire d'Evolution des Systèmes Naturels et Modifiés, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, URA 696, Paris, France.
C R Acad Sci III. 1994 Feb;317(2):174-82.
Myxoma virus was introduced into the Kerguelen archipelago in 1955-1956. Thirty years after its introduction, the virus is present in most areas inhabited by rabbits. Rabbit fleas and mosquitoes are absent from this group of islands and the disease is transmitted by contact. The timing of the beginning of new myxomatosis outbreaks, the absence of real epizootics as well as the higher percentage of infected males over females are specific observations in favour of this mode of transmission. The majority of 34 isolates tested between 1984 and 1988 are of intermediate virulence (Grades IIIA-IIIB). In these conditions, the impact of myxomatosis virus on rabbit populations estimated on two sites is low. Myxomatosis therefore plays only a minor role in the regulation of rabbit populations.
黏液瘤病毒于1955年至1956年被引入克尔格伦群岛。引入该病毒30年后，在大多数有兔子居住的地区都能发现这种病毒。这群岛屿上没有兔蚤和蚊子，疾病通过接触传播。新的黏液瘤病疫情开始的时间、没有真正的 epizootics 以及感染雄性兔子的比例高于雌性兔子，这些都是支持这种传播方式的具体观察结果。1984年至1988年间测试的34个分离株中，大多数具有中等毒力（IIIA-IIIB级）。在这些情况下，在两个地点估计的黏液瘤病病毒对兔子种群的影响较低。因此，黏液瘤病在兔子种群的调控中只起次要作用。
