Is there a role for temporomandibular joint surgery?

In North America, surgery of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) has made considerable progress, although significant failures have plagued this field in recent years. In spite of the controversies, surgery of the TMJ continues to have a small, but nonetheless, important role in the management of specific temporomandibular disorders (TMD). A general overview of the current thinking in TMJ surgery is presented with the clear message that careful case selection is the most essential ingredient for a successful outcome.