Polednak A P, Flannery J T
Connecticut Tumor Registry, Connecticut Department of Health Services, Hartford.
Cancer. 1995 Jan 1;75(1 Suppl):330-7. doi: 10.1002/1097-0142(19950101)75:1+<330::aid-cncr2820751315>3.0.co;2-5.
The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program provides population-based data for the descriptive epidemiology of cancer incidence and survival rates by age, sex, race, and time period according to site and various histologic categories.
Relative frequencies, incidence rates, median age at diagnosis, and 5-year relative survival rates were analyzed by histologic type for microscopically confirmed primary malignant tumors of the brain, central nervous system (CNS) (except lymphomas), and eye, as well as olfactory neuroblastomas.
Age-specific incidence rates for astrocytoma and glioblastoma, along with those for malignant meningioma, rose with increasing age up to 70-74 years, whereas rates for ependymoma and medulloblastoma (but not oligodendroglioma) showed a peak at age 0-4 years. Age-adjusted incidence rates for astrocytomas and glioblastomas were lower for blacks compared with whites, but there was little difference for rare types of brain/CNS cancers. Age-adjusted incidence rates increased slightly from 1973-1977 to 1983-1987 for astrocytoma, with little change for other histologic types. For cases diagnosed in 1983-1987, 5-year relative survival rates varied by histologic type and were low for astrocytoma, not otherwise specified (32%), and especially low for glioblastoma (4%); there was no evidence for improvement in survival rates for these two types from 1973-1977 to 1983-1987. Age-specific rates for eye melanoma rose with increasing age (especially for males), and age-adjusted rates were higher for whites than for blacks and declined from 1973-1977 to 1983-1987 in whites. Among cases diagnosed in 1983-1987, 5-year relative survival rates were high for melanoma of the eye (79%) and retinoblastoma (96%); only for retinoblastoma was there evidence of improvement in survival rates between 1973-1977 and 1983-1987.
The SEER data are useful in examining the descriptive epidemiologic features, including time trends in incidence and survival rates, for primary cancers of the brain, CNS and eye. The lack of improvement in the low survival rates for some of these cancers emphasizes the remaining therapeutic challenges.
监测、流行病学和最终结果（SEER）计划提供基于人群的数据，用于按年龄、性别、种族和时间段，根据部位和各种组织学类别描述癌症发病率和生存率的流行病学特征。
对经显微镜确诊的原发性脑恶性肿瘤、中枢神经系统（CNS）（淋巴瘤除外）、眼部肿瘤以及嗅神经母细胞瘤，按组织学类型分析相对频率、发病率、诊断时的中位年龄和5年相对生存率。
星形细胞瘤和胶质母细胞瘤以及恶性脑膜瘤的年龄别发病率随年龄增长至70 - 74岁而上升，而室管膜瘤和髓母细胞瘤（但少突胶质细胞瘤并非如此）的发病率在0 - 4岁时达到峰值。与白人相比，黑人的星形细胞瘤和胶质母细胞瘤的年龄调整发病率较低，但罕见类型的脑/CNS癌症差异不大。从1973 - 1977年到1983 - 1987年，星形细胞瘤的年龄调整发病率略有上升，其他组织学类型变化不大。对于1983 - 1987年诊断的病例，5年相对生存率因组织学类型而异，未另行指定的星形细胞瘤生存率较低（32%），胶质母细胞瘤尤其低（4%）；没有证据表明这两种类型的生存率从1973 - 1977年到1983 - 1987年有所改善。眼部黑色素瘤的年龄别发病率随年龄增长而上升（尤其是男性），白人的年龄调整发病率高于黑人，且从1973 - 1977年到1983 - 1987年呈下降趋势。在1983 - 1987年诊断的病例中，眼部黑色素瘤（79%）和视网膜母细胞瘤（96%）的5年相对生存率较高；只有视网膜母细胞瘤有证据表明其在1973 - 1977年和1983 - 1987年之间生存率有所提高。
SEER数据有助于研究脑、CNS和眼部原发性癌症的描述性流行病学特征，包括发病率和生存率的时间趋势。这些癌症中一些生存率较低且缺乏改善，凸显了尚存的治疗挑战。
