Lukas J R, Aigner M, Blumer R, Heinzl H, Mayr R
Institute of Anatomy, University of Vienna, Austria.
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1994 Dec;35(13):4317-27.
To examine the number and distribution of muscle spindles in all extraocular muscles (EOMs) in humans.
Thirty-six EOMs were obtained after death from three persons 67, 72, and 83 years of age. Serial sections were made throughout the length of these muscles. Consecutive sections were stained with different methods. To discriminate true spindles from false spindles, light microscopic criteria were defined and were subject to ultrastructural investigation. A distal portion of a single EOM was gained from a multiorgan donor 17 years of age, processed for electron microscopy, and analyzed.
Spindles were observed in all muscles studied, with the medial rectus exhibiting a mean of 18.8 spindles +/- 3.0 (+/- standard deviation), the lateral rectus 19.3 +/- 1.9, the superior rectus 15.8 +/- 2.5, the inferior rectus 34.0 +/- 4.4, , the superior oblique 27.3 +/- 8.2, and the inferior oblique 4.3 +/- 1.8 per muscle [corrected]. For each different human EOM, a typical distribution of spindles was observed in the persons examined. The ultrastructural investigation revealed sensory endings in structures primarily identified as spindles.
By comparing 1 g of tissue, spindles are found to be at least as frequent in human EOM as in skeletal muscles known to have a high density of spindles. This fact and the peculiar distribution of spindles in human EOMs suggest that spindles are functionally important proprioceptors in EOM.
研究人类所有眼外肌中肌梭的数量和分布。
从3名67岁、72岁和83岁的死者身上获取36条眼外肌。在这些肌肉的全长制作连续切片。连续切片采用不同方法染色。为了区分真肌梭和假肌梭，定义了光学显微镜标准并进行超微结构研究。从一名17岁的多器官供体获取单条眼外肌的远端部分，进行电子显微镜处理并分析。
在所研究的所有肌肉中均观察到肌梭，其中内直肌平均每条有18.8个肌梭±3.0（±标准差），外直肌19.3±1.9，上直肌15.8±2.5，下直肌34.0±4.4，上斜肌27.3±8.2，下斜肌4.3±1.8[校正后]。对于每一条不同的人类眼外肌，在所检查的个体中观察到了典型的肌梭分布。超微结构研究揭示了主要被鉴定为肌梭的结构中的感觉末梢。
通过比较1克组织，发现人类眼外肌中的肌梭至少与已知肌梭密度高的骨骼肌一样常见。这一事实以及肌梭在人类眼外肌中的特殊分布表明，肌梭是眼外肌中功能重要的本体感受器。
