Romero-Vecchione E, Wessolosky M, Lupi J, Vásquez J, Velasco M, Gómez J
Escuela de Medicina José María Vargas, Laboratorio de Estudios Cardiovasculares, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas.
Invest Clin. 1993;34(4):193-208.
The influence of age on reflex cardiovascular responses, elicited by orthostatic change and Valsalva's maneuver was studied in 105 healthy volunteers, and the response to cold pressor test in 87 healthy adults. The age range of the subjects was 12 to 79 years old; they were stratified by decades for statistical analysis. Included in this study were only subjects without diseases, as evidenced by anamnesis, physical examination, blood pressure recording, ECG tracings, chest X-Ray and routine laboratory tests. None of subjects showed obesity, the body mass index was between 19.6 +/- 0.9 Kg/m2 in the 10-19 year old group and 25.2 +/- 1.2 Kg/m2 in the 50-59 year old group (mean +/- SE). Systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP, DBP) were between 113.6 +/- 4.2 and 64.2 +/- 2.9 mmHg respectively in the 10-19 years old group and 139.8 +/- 5.0 mmHg and 79.5 +/- 3.2 mmHg respectively in the 70-79 years old group (mean +/- SE). Heart rate in supine position varied between 71.2 +/- 3.2 beats/min in the 10-19 years group and 75.8 +/- 3.0 beats/min in the 70-79 years old group (mean +/- SE). Orthostatic response. Change from supine to standing position increased mean arterial pressure (MAP) by 10.0 +/- 1.25 mmHg in the 10-19 years old group; a similar increase occurred up to 40-49 years old group; from that age on, the response became bimodal, the percentage of subjects showing a MAP decrease upon standing, increased from 20% in the 50-59 years old group to 48% in the 70-79 years old group; MAP descents ranged between -5.3 +/- 0.63 and -12.6 +/- 1.37 mmHg (mean +/- SE) and were non symptomatic. The same bimodal pattern of responses was observed in the heart rate. Cold pressor test. In the 10-19 years old group the cold pressor test induced an increase of SBP and DBP of 17.6 +/- 5.0 mmHg and 11.5 +/- 3.5 mmHg (mean +/- SE) respectively, this response remained unchanged up to 40-49 years old age. After 50-59 years old this SBP and DBP increase was reduced by 50% and 63% in the 60-69 and 70-79 years old groups respectively. Return of SBP and DBP to cold prestimulation levels was normal in all studied groups.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
在105名健康志愿者中研究了年龄对由直立位变化和瓦尔萨尔瓦动作引发的反射性心血管反应的影响，并在87名健康成年人中研究了其对冷加压试验的反应。受试者年龄范围为12至79岁；按十年分层进行统计分析。本研究仅纳入无疾病的受试者，通过病史、体格检查、血压记录、心电图描记、胸部X线和常规实验室检查证实。所有受试者均无肥胖，10 - 19岁组体重指数为19.6±0.9 Kg/m²，50 - 59岁组为25.2±1.2 Kg/m²（均值±标准误）。10 - 19岁组收缩压和舒张压（SBP、DBP）分别在113.6±4.2和64.2±2.9 mmHg之间，70 - 79岁组分别为139.8±5.0 mmHg和79.5±3.2 mmHg（均值±标准误）。仰卧位心率在10 - 19岁组为71.2±3.2次/分钟，70 - 79岁组为75.8±3.0次/分钟（均值±标准误）。直立位反应。从仰卧位变为站立位，10 - 19岁组平均动脉压（MAP）升高10.0±1.25 mmHg；40 - 49岁组有类似升高；此后，反应呈双峰模式，站立时MAP下降的受试者百分比从50 - 59岁组的20%增至70 - 79岁组的48%；MAP下降幅度在 - 5.3±0.63至 - 12.6±1.37 mmHg之间（均值±标准误），且无症状。心率也观察到相同的双峰反应模式。冷加压试验。10 - 19岁组冷加压试验使SBP和DBP分别升高17.6±5.0 mmHg和11.5±3.5 mmHg（均值±标准误），此反应在40 - 49岁时保持不变。50 - 59岁后，60 - 69岁组和70 - 79岁组SBP和DBP升高分别减少50%和63%。所有研究组SBP和DBP恢复至冷刺激前水平均正常。（摘要截断于400字）
