Papalopulu N, Kintner C R
Molecular Neurobiological Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, San Diego, CA 92186-5800.
Ciba Found Symp. 1994;181:90-9; discussion 99-102. doi: 10.1002/9780470514559.ch6.
The formation of the neural tube begins during gastrulation when ectoderm, an epithelial sheet on the outside of the embryo, is induced to form the neural plate. During the process of neural induction, the epithelium of the neural plate is regionalized along both the dorsoventral and anteroposterior axes of the embryo; this regionalization is likely to contribute to the cellular processes underlying neurulation. Genes whose expression marks the formation and regionalization of the neural plate and which encode cell adhesion molecules or putative transcription factors have been recently identified. The differential expression of these genes apparently subdivides the epithelium of the neural plate into small regions. Evidence from transgenic embryo experiments supports the idea that the differential expression of these genes in the neural plate plays a role in neural tube formation.
神经管的形成始于原肠胚形成期，此时胚胎外部的上皮层外胚层被诱导形成神经板。在神经诱导过程中，神经板的上皮沿着胚胎的背腹轴和前后轴进行区域化；这种区域化可能有助于神经胚形成的细胞过程。最近已经鉴定出其表达标志着神经板形成和区域化且编码细胞粘附分子或假定转录因子的基因。这些基因的差异表达显然将神经板的上皮细分为小区域。转基因胚胎实验的证据支持了这些基因在神经板中的差异表达在神经管形成中起作用的观点。
