Sundberg J P, Cordy W R, King L E
Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, Maine 04609-1500.
J Invest Dermatol. 1994 Jun;102(6):847-56. doi: 10.1111/1523-1747.ep12382416.
A disease closely resembling human alopecia areata was found in a large production colony of C3H/HeJ mice that had no evidence of thyroid dysfunction or an infectious etiology. Alopecia developed diffusely or in circular areas on the dorsal surface. Histologically, the changes in this non-scarring alopecia were limited to anagen follicles that were surrounded by mononuclear cells. This infiltrate, composed primarily of cytotoxic (CD8+) and helper (CD4+) T cells, was associated with follicular and hair shaft dystrophy. This infiltrate was markedly reduced by intralesional injection of triamcinolone acetonide with subsequent hair regrowth in the affected site. Pedigree tracing of affected C3H/HeJ mice suggests that this non-scarring alopecia may be an inherited disease. Breeding results of normal haired mice with alopecia areata mice or between alopecia areata mice suggests that this is a complex polygenic disease with a female predominance at younger ages. Female mice developed the disease earlier than male mice (3-5 versus > 6 months), with equal numbers affected by 18 months of age. The relative incidence of alopecia areata in one production colony of C3H/HeJ mice was 0.25% for female and 0.035% for male mice, but selective breeding has raised the frequency to nearly 20%. The frequency in an aging colony selectively bred for inflammatory bowel disease reached 4.7%, with equal sex distribution, for mice over 18 months of age, suggesting that this might be a common aging change in C3H/HeJ mice. This C3H/HeJ mouse disease may prove to be a valuable animal model to study specific subtypes of human alopecia areata.
在一个大型C3H/HeJ小鼠繁殖群体中发现了一种与人类斑秃极为相似的疾病，该群体没有甲状腺功能障碍或感染性病因的证据。脱发在背部呈弥漫性或圆形区域出现。组织学上，这种非瘢痕性脱发的变化仅限于被单核细胞包围的生长期毛囊。这种浸润主要由细胞毒性（CD8 +）和辅助性（CD4 +）T细胞组成，与毛囊和毛干营养不良有关。通过病灶内注射曲安奈德，浸润明显减少，随后患病部位毛发再生。对受影响的C3H/HeJ小鼠进行系谱追踪表明，这种非瘢痕性脱发可能是一种遗传性疾病。正常毛小鼠与斑秃小鼠之间或斑秃小鼠之间的繁殖结果表明，这是一种复杂的多基因疾病，在较年轻年龄段女性占优势。雌性小鼠比雄性小鼠更早发病（3 - 5个月对大于6个月），到18个月龄时受影响的数量相等。在一个C3H/HeJ小鼠繁殖群体中，雌性斑秃的相对发病率为0.25%，雄性为0.035%，但选择性育种已将频率提高到近20%。在一个为炎症性肠病进行选择性育种的老龄群体中，18个月以上小鼠的发病率达到4.7%，性别分布相等，这表明这可能是C3H/HeJ小鼠常见的衰老变化。这种C3H/HeJ小鼠疾病可能被证明是研究人类斑秃特定亚型的有价值的动物模型。
