Krŭsteva M, Vŭlcheva Z, Grozdanov G, Milchev N
Akush Ginekol (Sofiia). 1993;32(2):29-31.
The frequency of birth trauma has fallen considerably in recent years. This decline reflects in particular a greater tendency to perform a caesarean section when difficulties of delivery would appear. Birth trauma often causes not only early, but late and continuous illness in neonates. For this reason it is an important problem in neonatal practice. 1791 newborn have been investigated: 1515 (84.5%) by vaginal delivery, 177 (9.8%) by caesarean section, 38 (2.1%) by forceps, 18 (1.01%) by vacuum extraction and 43 (2.4%) by pelvic presentation. The results show the frequency of birth trauma (5.5%) and asphyxia (5.9%) by vaginal delivery and by operative methods (19.8%--S.C., 60.5%--F., 88.8%--V.E.) and their dependence on some factors: induction or stimulation of labor, meconium stained amniotic fluid, prolonged or extremely rapid labor.
近年来，分娩创伤的发生率已大幅下降。这种下降尤其反映出在出现分娩困难时更倾向于进行剖宫产。分娩创伤不仅常常导致新生儿早期疾病，还会引发晚期和持续性疾病。因此，这是新生儿科临床实践中的一个重要问题。对1791例新生儿进行了调查：1515例（84.5%）经阴道分娩，177例（9.8%）经剖宫产，38例（2.1%）经产钳助产，18例（1.01%）经真空吸引助产，43例（2.4%）为臀位分娩。结果显示了经阴道分娩和手术助产方式导致的分娩创伤发生率（5.5%）和窒息发生率（5.9%）（剖宫产为19.8%，产钳助产为60.5%，真空吸引助产为88.8%），以及它们与某些因素的相关性：引产或催产、羊水粪染、产程延长或极快。
