Valentincic T B, Caprio J
Department of Zoology and Physiology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge 70803-1725.
Physiol Behav. 1994 May;55(5):845-55. doi: 10.1016/0031-9384(94)90070-1.
Channel catfish, maintained individually in aquaria with dark substrate, responded to visual stimuli from above with escape behavior and to amino acid stimuli with feeding behavior. Feeding behavior was composed of a) appetitive patterns, such as barbel movements, orienting posture, and search swimming and b) consummatory patterns that included a halt in swimming, turning, snapping-biting, ingestion, mastication, and swallowing. The conditioning procedure, which consisted of 90 s presentations of a single amino acid followed by a food reward, influenced the duration and speed of the search swim. Swimming behavior was quantified by counting the number of turns greater than 90 degrees. Catfish turned 40-75 times to the conditioned stimuli, L-proline and L-arginine, but only 20-40 times to the nonconditioned stimuli. Olfaction rather than taste was involved in the conditioned response to L-proline because the highest possible contact concentration (3 x 10(-6) M) of L-proline within the stimulus eddies was at least 30 times lower than the estimated L-proline electrophysiological taste threshold (> 10(-4) M).
将鲶鱼单独饲养在底部为深色的水族箱中，它们对来自上方的视觉刺激会做出逃避行为，对氨基酸刺激则会表现出摄食行为。摄食行为包括：a) 欲求模式，如触须运动、定向姿势和搜索游动；b) 完成模式，包括游动停止、转身、咬食、吞咽。条件反射训练过程为：单次呈现一种氨基酸90秒，随后给予食物奖励，这影响了搜索游动的持续时间和速度。通过计算大于90度的转身次数来量化游泳行为。鲶鱼对条件刺激L-脯氨酸和L-精氨酸转身40 - 75次，但对非条件刺激仅转身20 - 40次。对L-脯氨酸的条件反应涉及嗅觉而非味觉，因为刺激漩涡内L-脯氨酸的最高可能接触浓度（3×10⁻⁶ M）至少比估计的L-脯氨酸电生理味觉阈值（>10⁻⁴ M）低30倍。
