Vanlandewijck Y C, Spaepen A J, Lysens R J
Department of Clinical Kinanthropology, Faculty of Physical Education and Physiotherapy, Katholieke Universiteit Lewven, Belgium.
Scand J Rehabil Med. 1994 Mar;26(1):37-48.
The aim of this study was to examine the user-related parameters, 1) force generation 2) maximal aerobic power and 3) propulsion technique, in respect to functional ability level [ISMWSF] wheelchair basketball classification: groups 1, 2 and 3) of 40 elite wheelchair basketball players. Isometric (position on the handrims = -30, 0 degrees, +30 degrees and +60 degrees) and dynamic force application (velocities = 0.56, 0.83 and 1.11 m.s-1) on the handrims (test 1) was measured by means of a computerised wheelchair simulator, with the subjects sitting in a standardised position. Each subject performed a maximal exercise test (test 2) on a motor driven treadmill at 1.67 m.s-1 and four subsequent submaximal tests (test 3) at two exercise levels (60 and 80% of individual VO2) and two velocities (1.11 and 2.22 m.s-1) with constant power output. In tests 2 and 3, cardiorespiratory and kinematic data were recorded simultaneously. Although no significant differences between functional ability groups were found in relation to force application on the handrims, three different force application strategies were observed (test 1). Maximal aerobic capacity and power output (test 2) differed significantly (p < 0.05) between groups 1 and 2 and between groups 1 and 3. No differences in mechanical efficiency were observed between the three functional ability groups, irrespective of changes in wheelchair velocity and external load (test 3). Propulsion technique was not proven to be functional ability dependent although remarkable differences in movement pattern were observed, especially during the recovery phase.
本研究旨在针对40名精英轮椅篮球运动员的功能能力水平[ISMWSF]轮椅篮球分级：1组、2组和3组，研究与用户相关的参数，即1) 力量产生、2) 最大有氧功率和3) 推进技术。通过计算机化轮椅模拟器测量受试者在标准坐姿下，在车把上的等长（车把位置=-30度、0度、+30度和+60度）和动态力施加（速度=0.56、0.83和1.11米·秒-1）（测试1）。每位受试者在电动跑步机上以1.67米·秒-1的速度进行最大运动测试（测试2），并在两个运动水平（个体最大摄氧量的60%和80%）和两个速度（1.11和2.22米·秒-1）下进行四次后续次最大测试（测试3），功率输出恒定。在测试2和测试3中，同时记录心肺和运动学数据。尽管在车把上的力施加方面，功能能力组之间未发现显著差异，但观察到三种不同的力施加策略（测试1）。1组和2组之间以及1组和3组之间的最大有氧能力和功率输出（测试2）存在显著差异（p<0.05）。在三个功能能力组之间，无论轮椅速度和外部负荷如何变化（测试3），均未观察到机械效率的差异。尽管观察到运动模式存在显著差异，尤其是在恢复阶段，但推进技术并未被证明依赖于功能能力。
