[Puerperium after threatened premature labor--effects of infection screening in pregnancy].

Subclinical intrauterine infection is one of the causes of preterm birth. Adjuvant antibiotic treatment can improve the prolongative effects of tocolysis in patients with preterm labour. This study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of screening for infection and of antibiotic treatment in reducing postpartal infectious complications in patients with so called idiopathic preterm labour being treated with tocolysis intravenously. At the time of admission, we obtained cervical swabs of 138 patients for bacteriological investigation. 23 of the 37 patients with pathologic cervical colonisation were treated with antibiotics in addition to tocolysis. In women in preterm labour with pathologic cervical microbial colonisation, the frequencies of infectious complications in the puerperium were markedly increased compared to women without cervical colonisation. Adjuvant antibiotic therapy during pregnancy significantly reduced such complications. Additional antibiotic treatment of patients in idiopathic preterm labour with indicators of silent intrauterine infection seems beneficial not only for prolongation of gestation, but also for the reduction of postpartal infectious morbidity.