Lucas Martín M C, Pujante Escudero A P, González Aquino J D, Sánchez Gascón F
Unidad de Investigación, Centro de Buceo de la Armada, Cartagena.
Arch Bronconeumol. 1994 May;30(5):231-5.
Pulmonary barotrauma (PB) is caused by expansion of gases in the respiratory system. We describe 22 cases in divers that constituted 10.2% of the accidents treated at the Spanish navy's hyperbaric center (1969-1990). Hemoptysis (27.2%), subcutaneous emphysema (22.7%) and chest pain (9.1%) were the most frequent thoracic-pulmonary signs. Changes in consciousness (54.5%) and motility (22.7%) were the main neurological symptoms. The highest indices of PB were recorded during training exercises in diving courses, with 91% of the trauma patients recuperating with no aftereffects thanks to prompt deep (50 m) recompression. Protocols for applying therapeutic tables are described, and the advantages of using tables for oxygen as opposed to air are discussed. Finally, we justify the need to have a hyperbaric chamber nearby for treating this type of accident.
肺气压伤（PB）是由呼吸系统内气体膨胀引起的。我们描述了22例潜水员病例，占西班牙海军高压氧舱中心（1969 - 1990年）所治疗事故的10.2%。咯血（27.2%）、皮下气肿（22.7%）和胸痛（9.1%）是最常见的胸肺体征。意识改变（54.5%）和运动能力改变（22.7%）是主要的神经症状。在潜水课程的训练演习期间记录到的肺气压伤发生率最高，由于迅速进行深度（50米）再加压，91%的创伤患者康复且无后遗症。描述了应用治疗表的方案，并讨论了使用氧气治疗表而非空气治疗表的优点。最后，我们说明了在附近配备高压氧舱以治疗此类事故的必要性。
