Peper L, Bootsma R J, Mestre D R, Bakker F C
Faculty of Human Movement Sciences, Free University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform. 1994 Jun;20(3):591-612. doi: 10.1037//0096-1523.20.3.591.
Information specifying the future passing distance of an approaching object is available (in units of object size) in the ratio of optical displacement velocity and optical expansion velocity. Despite empirical support for the assumption that object size can serve as a metric in the perception of passing distance, the present series of experiments reveals that in catching a ball subjects do not rely on such "point-predictive" information. The angle at which (real and simulated) balls approached the subject systematically affected verbal and manual estimates of future passing distance, as well as the kinematic characteristics of catching movements. To catch a ball, the actor uses momentary action-related information instead of spatiotemporal estimates. The hand velocity is geared to information specifying the currently required velocity. This secures ending up at the right place in the right time, regardless of where this may be.
指定接近物体未来通过距离的信息（以物体大小为单位）可从光位移速度与光膨胀速度的比率中获得。尽管有经验支持物体大小可作为通过距离感知中的一种度量这一假设，但本系列实验表明，在接球时，受试者并不依赖此类“点预测”信息。（真实和模拟的）球接近受试者的角度系统性地影响了对未来通过距离的言语和手动估计，以及接球动作的运动学特征。为了接住球，行动者使用与瞬间动作相关的信息而非时空估计。手部速度与指定当前所需速度的信息相匹配。这确保能在正确的时间到达正确的位置，而不管这个位置在哪里。
