DelGiudice G D, Mech L D, Seal U S
Minnesota Department of Natural Resources, Forest Wildlife Populations and Research Group, Grand Rapids 55744.
J Wildl Dis. 1994 Apr;30(2):247-53. doi: 10.7589/0090-3558-30.2.247.
We examined the effect of progressive nutritional restriction on acid-base balance in seven captive, adult white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) from 4 February to 5 May 1988 in north central Minnesota (USA). Metabolic acidosis was indicated by low mean blood pH (7.25 to 7.33) in deer throughout the study. Mean urinary pH values declined (P = 0.020) from a mean (+/- SE) baseline of 8.3 +/- 0.1 to 6.7 +/- 0.3 as restriction progressed. Acidemia and aciduria were associated with significant variations in mean blood CO2 (P = 0.006) and pO2 (P = 0.032), serum potassium (P = 0.004) concentrations, and with a significant (P = 0.104) handling date x group interaction in urinary potassium: creatinine values. Mean bicarbonate:carbonic acid ratios were consistently below 20:1 during nutritional restriction. Mean packed cell volume increased (P = 0.019) and serum total protein decreased (P = 0.001); thus there was evidence for progressive dehydration and net protein catabolism, respectively. Blood pCO2, serum sodium, and urinary sodium:creatinine were stable throughout the study. We propose that acidosis and aciduria are metabolic complications associated with nutritional restriction of white-tailed deer.
1988年2月4日至5月5日，我们在美国明尼苏达州中北部对7只圈养的成年白尾鹿（弗吉尼亚鹿）进行了研究，以探讨渐进性营养限制对酸碱平衡的影响。在整个研究过程中，鹿的平均血液pH值较低（7.25至7.33），表明存在代谢性酸中毒。随着限制程度的增加，平均尿液pH值从平均（±标准误）基线值8.3±0.1降至6.7±0.3（P = 0.020）。酸血症和酸尿症与平均血液二氧化碳（P = 0.006）、氧分压（P = 0.032）、血清钾浓度（P = 0.004）的显著变化相关，并且与尿钾：肌酐值中显著的（P = 0.104）处理日期×组交互作用相关。在营养限制期间，平均碳酸氢盐：碳酸比值始终低于20:1。平均红细胞压积增加（P = 0.019），血清总蛋白降低（P = 0.001）；因此，分别有证据表明存在渐进性脱水和净蛋白分解代谢。在整个研究过程中，血液二氧化碳分压、血清钠和尿钠：肌酐均保持稳定。我们认为，酸中毒和酸尿症是白尾鹿营养限制相关的代谢并发症。
