McMenamin P
Battelle Medical Technology Assessment and Policy Research Center, Washington, DC.
Ann Allergy. 1994 Jul;73(1):35-9.
Hay fever, or allergic rhinitis, affects a significant proportion of the US population. The current analysis focuses on the question of estimating both the direct and indirect costs of hay fever in the US for 1990. The basic data used for this analysis derive from continuing national probability surveys of 1) the US civilian noninstitutionalized population and 2) patient visits to offices of nonfederal practicing physicians who are not in hospital-based specialties. The analysis is based on current methods of estimating the costs of illness. The two major components of the estimates are the direct costs of physician visits, diagnostic tests, and medications; and the indirect costs associated with work absences or other reduced productivity for those employed both in and outside the home. For the most part where data were unavailable or potentially unreliable, cost estimates were not imputed. As a result, these estimates should be considered to be biased downward. In spite of these relatively conservative assumptions, the estimates of annual illness costs for 1990 totalled $1.8 billion.
花粉热，即变应性鼻炎，影响着相当一部分美国人口。当前的分析聚焦于估算1990年美国花粉热的直接成本和间接成本这一问题。用于该分析的基础数据源自持续进行的全国概率调查，调查对象一是美国非机构化平民人口，二是到非联邦执业医师（非医院专科医师）办公室就诊的患者。该分析基于当前估算疾病成本的方法。估算的两大主要组成部分是看医生、诊断测试和药物的直接成本；以及与在家内外工作的人缺勤或其他生产力下降相关的间接成本。在大多数数据不可用或可能不可靠的情况下，未估算成本。因此，这些估算结果应被视为向下偏差。尽管有这些相对保守的假设，但1990年年度疾病成本估算总计达18亿美元。
