Iskrant K R, Balsam P D
Department of Psychology, Barnard College, New York, New York 10027.
Dev Psychobiol. 1994 May;27(4):195-204. doi: 10.1002/dev.420270402.
The effects of food deprivation on ring dove squabs' begging and pecking was examined during the period of transition from dependent to independent feeding. Food-deprived squabs begged more, pecked more, and were fed more by their parents than nondeprived squabs. When deprived, young squab primarily beg for food and older squab primarily peck. This difference may arise from the relative efficiencies of the two feeding responses at different ages. Additionally, parental state exerted control over the amount the squab pecked and begged. Parental food deprivation affected squab pecking, probably because hungry parents pecked more themselves and fed squabs less. Squab begging was not affected by parental food deprivation. However, parental separation from squab affected squab begging, as parents previously without squab were more likely to feed begging squab than were parents who were not separated from squab. Parental separation from squab did not affect squab pecking. The changes in the endogenous and exogenous controls of squab feeding allow for a great deal of plasticity in the transition from dependent to independent feeding.
在从依赖喂养向独立喂养过渡的时期，研究了食物剥夺对环鸽雏鸽乞食和啄食行为的影响。与未被剥夺食物的雏鸽相比，食物被剥夺的雏鸽乞食更多、啄食更多，且从父母那里获得的喂食也更多。当处于食物剥夺状态时，年幼的雏鸽主要乞食，而年长的雏鸽主要啄食。这种差异可能源于这两种不同年龄的喂养反应的相对效率。此外，亲代状态对雏鸽啄食和乞食的量有控制作用。亲代食物剥夺影响雏鸽啄食，可能是因为饥饿的亲代自身啄食更多而喂食雏鸽更少。雏鸽乞食不受亲代食物剥夺的影响。然而，亲代与雏鸽分离影响雏鸽乞食，因为之前没有雏鸽的亲代比未与雏鸽分离的亲代更有可能喂食乞食的雏鸽。亲代与雏鸽分离不影响雏鸽啄食。雏鸽喂养的内源性和外源性控制的变化使得从依赖喂养向独立喂养的过渡具有很大的可塑性。
