Lin K, Bartlett S P, Matsuo K, LiVolsi V A, Parry C, Hass B, Whitaker L A
Department of Surgery, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia.
Plast Reconstr Surg. 1994 Aug;94(2):306-15; discussion 316-7.
Issues of radiolucency and biocompatibility of currently available mammary implants have prompted the search for alternatives. Several new filler materials have been suggested recently but have involved the use of materials foreign to the body. We have studied the use of a naturally found polysaccharide molecule, hyaluronic acid, as an alternative filler material to silicone gel. We tested hyaluronic acid-filled implants using standard mammographic techniques, applanation tonometry, and in an in vivo animal model (n = 24) up to 1 year after implantation. The present study demonstrates that hyaluronic acid-filled implants have softness comparable with that of silicone gel and saline implants and are more radiolucent, allowing better visualization of breast structures around the implant. Furthermore, in vivo studies fail to demonstrate any adverse reactions to the material over a period of 1 year. Hyaluronic acid has unique properties in modulating the process of wound healing, and these properties may be applied to the tissues surrounding the implants as a result of leaching of hyaluronic acid through the covering shell. Although further studies using larger volumes of filler, characterization of the hyaluronic acid within the implant, quantification of the exact amounts of hyaluronic acid leached into surrounding tissues, and a more appropriate primate model need to be undertaken, this pilot study points out that there may be more biologically compatible materials for the use in breast implants that warrant further investigation.
当前可用的乳房植入物的射线可透性和生物相容性问题促使人们寻找替代物。最近有人提出了几种新型填充材料，但都涉及使用人体外来材料。我们研究了一种天然存在的多糖分子——透明质酸作为硅胶替代品的填充材料的用途。我们使用标准乳房X线摄影技术、压平眼压测量法，并在植入后长达1年的体内动物模型（n = 24）中对填充透明质酸的植入物进行了测试。本研究表明，填充透明质酸的植入物具有与硅胶和盐水植入物相当的柔软度，且射线可透性更强，能更好地显示植入物周围的乳房结构。此外，体内研究未显示该材料在1年期间有任何不良反应。透明质酸在调节伤口愈合过程中具有独特特性，由于透明质酸通过覆盖壳浸出，这些特性可能作用于植入物周围的组织。尽管需要使用更大体积的填充材料进行进一步研究、对植入物内的透明质酸进行表征、量化渗入周围组织的透明质酸的确切量以及采用更合适的灵长类动物模型，但这项初步研究指出，可能存在更具生物相容性的材料用于乳房植入物，值得进一步研究。
