White J L, Hirsch I H, Bagley D H
Department of Urology, Jefferson Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Urology. 1994 Jul;44(1):100-5. doi: 10.1016/s0090-4295(94)80017-0.
Traumatic avulsion of the posterior urethra represents a challenging reconstructive problem that traditionally has been managed by the transpubic or transperineal approach. We report the advantages of endourologic techniques to reconstruct short posterior urethral disruptions based on the principles of establishing proximal urethral control and balloon dilation of the newly constructed urethra.
Endourologic urethroplasty consists of: (1) antegrade flexible cystoscopy or antegrade passage of a Goodwin sound, (2) retrograde urethrotomy to light or to tip of Goodwin sound, facilitated by C-arm fluoroscopy, (3) establishment of urethral continuity by passage of a guide wire, (4) balloon dilation of the newly established urethra to 24 to 30 F over a length of 4 cm, and (5) long-term urethral stenting (4 to 8 weeks) with a silicone Foley catheter.
In four men initially managed by suprapubic cystostomy, endourologic reconstruction was performed. The mean blood loss was 250 mL, and mean length of hospitalization was 5.4 days. All patients were continent and three were potent over a mean follow-up of 10.5 months. Uroflowmetric monitoring showed satisfactory voiding patterns with subsequent minor endoscopic revisions required in three patients.
The technical advantages of this method include stabilization and identification of the proximal urethra, intraoperative shortening of the urethral gap to facilitate the urethrotomy, and radial distention of the urethra by balloon dilation. We conclude that endourologic methods provide a safe and effective initial treatment of urethral avulsion.
创伤性后尿道撕脱是一个具有挑战性的重建问题,传统上通过经耻骨或经会阴途径处理。我们报告了基于建立近端尿道控制和对新构建尿道进行球囊扩张原则的腔内技术重建短后尿道断裂的优势。
腔内尿道成形术包括:(1)顺行性软性膀胱镜检查或Goodwin探子顺行通过;(2)在C形臂荧光透视辅助下逆行尿道切开至Goodwin探子的光亮处或尖端;(3)通过导丝建立尿道连续性;(4)将新建立的尿道在4厘米长度上扩张至24至30F;(5)用硅胶Foley导管进行长期尿道支架置入(4至8周)。
对4例最初采用耻骨上膀胱造瘘术治疗的男性患者进行了腔内重建。平均失血量为250毫升,平均住院时间为5.4天。所有患者均能控尿,平均随访10.5个月时3例患者性功能正常。尿流率监测显示排尿模式满意,3例患者随后需要进行轻微的内镜修正。
该方法的技术优势包括近端尿道的稳定和识别、术中缩短尿道间隙以利于尿道切开,以及通过球囊扩张使尿道径向扩张。我们得出结论,腔内方法为尿道撕脱提供了一种安全有效的初始治疗方法。