Chenery H J, Ingram J C, Murdoch B E
Speech and Hearing Department, University of Queensland, Australia.
Brain Cogn. 1994 May;25(1):108-27. doi: 10.1006/brcg.1994.1026.
The present experiment manipulated attention-induced semantic priming in seven persons with dementia of the Alzheimer's type (DAT) and 16 healthy aged controls in a word-nonword lexical decision task by means of repeated prime-target presentations. The experimental paradigm allowed for the simultaneous comparison of automatic processing and attention-induced strategic processing. The results showed that both the healthy aged subjects and the subjects with DAT demonstrated semantic facilitation in the automatic processing of information. The two groups differed, however, on the attention-induced component of the task. The control subjects consciously generated a strategic response bias favoring the real word targets and thus used their processing of the prime to induce an expectancy about the following target. The DAT subjects showed no such attention-dependent expectancy, a deficit which is most probably related to the general cognitive impairments which are a hallmark of the disease.
本实验通过重复启动刺激-目标刺激呈现，在一项单词-非单词词汇判断任务中，对7名阿尔茨海默病型痴呆（DAT）患者和16名健康老年对照者进行了注意力诱导的语义启动操作。该实验范式允许同时比较自动加工和注意力诱导的策略加工。结果表明，健康老年受试者和DAT受试者在信息的自动加工中均表现出语义促进作用。然而，两组在任务的注意力诱导成分上存在差异。对照受试者有意识地产生了有利于真实单词目标的策略性反应偏差，因此利用他们对启动刺激的加工来诱导对后续目标的预期。DAT受试者没有表现出这种注意力依赖的预期，这种缺陷很可能与该疾病的标志性一般认知障碍有关。
