Theuvenet W J, Soares D, Baral J P, Theuvenet-Schutte A R, Palla J P, Jesudasan K, Nakami J, Bista R B, Jayakumar P, Failbus P K
Anandaban Hospital, Tikah Bhairab, Lalitpur, Nepal.
Int J Lepr Other Mycobact Dis. 1994 Jun;62(2):256-62.
An intense mass survey of leprosy in Lalitpur District, Nepal, was carried for the period 1986 to 1990. This was the first such large scale survey in Nepal; 85% of the total population was examined. The 5-year case detection rate was 13 per 10,000; the 5-year child detection rate was 4 per 10,000. By the end of the survey the prevalence rate was 6.8 per 10,000; at the end of 1992 this had dropped to 2.2 per 10,000. In 1989, after a 3-year interval, a re-survey was done in three village development committees (VDCs) and 4 new cases were detected, bringing the 3-year case detection rate to 3.3 per 10,000; 36% of the old cases, 20% of the new adult cases, and 3% of the new child cases were classified as multibacillary. Overall, 62.7% of the patients had no disability, 18.8% had disability grade 1, and 12.7% had disability grade 2 while for 5.8% the data were incomplete. By the end of the survey 91% of the patients needing medical treatment were on multidrug therapy (MDT). At present this has increased to 100%. The regularity rate was 86%; at the end of 1992 this had increased to 96%. The cost for detecting one new patient was US$298. Because of the high cost, it is recommended that intense mass surveys not be performed when the estimated prevalence rate is less than 10 per 10,000 inhabitants. From the data collected conclusions were drawn and recommendations were formulated for developing new strategies for the National Leprosy Control Programme of the Government of Nepal.
1986年至1990年期间，尼泊尔拉利特布尔区开展了一次密集的麻风病群体调查。这是尼泊尔首次开展此类大规模调查，共检查了总人口的85%。5年的病例检出率为每万人13例；5年的儿童检出率为每万人4例。调查结束时，患病率为每万人6.8例；到1992年底，这一数字已降至每万人2.2例。1989年，时隔3年后，在三个村发展委员会（VDC）进行了重新调查，发现了4例新病例，使3年的病例检出率达到每万人3.3例；36%的旧病例、20%的新成人病例和3%的新儿童病例被归类为多菌型。总体而言，62.7%的患者没有残疾，18.8%的患者残疾等级为1级，12.7%的患者残疾等级为2级，而5.8%的患者数据不完整。调查结束时，91%需要治疗的患者接受了联合化疗（MDT）。目前这一比例已增至100%。规律服药率为86%；到1992年底，这一比例已增至96%。发现一名新患者的成本为298美元。由于成本高昂，建议在估计患病率低于每万居民10例时，不开展密集的群体调查。根据收集到的数据得出了结论，并为尼泊尔政府国家麻风病控制计划制定新战略提出了建议。
