Brace L D, Gittler-Buffa C, Miller G J, Cole T G, Schmeisser D, Prewitt T E, Bowen P E
Department of Pathology, University of Illinois at Chicago 60612-7312.
Arterioscler Thromb. 1994 Aug;14(8):1284-9. doi: 10.1161/01.atv.14.8.1284.
We periodically obtained blood samples from mildly hypercholesterolemic, but otherwise healthy, premenopausal women who were recruited to participate in a study of a long-term, cholesterol-lowering diet. All meals were prepared and most meals were consumed in the study center dining facility. Tests performed on blood samples included fibrinogen, cholesterol, factor VII coagulant activity (VIIc), and other measures of factor VII. We found that when women switched from a typical American diet (37% fat, polyunsaturated fatty acid to saturated fatty acid [P/S] ratio 0.5, 300 mg cholesterol/d) to a diet lower in fat and cholesterol (American Heart Association phase 2 diet: 30% fat, P/S ratio of 1, 150 to 200 mg cholesterol/d) and maintained that diet for 20 weeks, their plasma cholesterol levels decreased by approximately 6% after 4 weeks and remained at that level until study termination. Likewise, VIIc decreased by approximately 11% while factor VII antigen, total factor VII activity, and fibrinogen concentration did not change appreciably from baseline values. Our results show that premenopausal women benefit from a diet lower in total and saturated fat by a reduction in blood cholesterol and VIIc. Extrapolation from data on men in the Northwick Park Heart Study indicates that the 11% decrease in VIIc activity would correspond to an approximately 30% decrease in risk of mortality from coronary heart disease.
我们定期从轻度高胆固醇血症但其他方面健康的绝经前女性身上采集血样，这些女性被招募来参与一项关于长期降低胆固醇饮食的研究。所有餐食均在研究中心餐饮设施中制备，且大部分餐食在该设施中食用。对血样进行的检测包括纤维蛋白原、胆固醇、凝血因子 VII 促凝活性（VIIc）以及凝血因子 VII 的其他指标。我们发现，当女性从典型的美国饮食（脂肪含量 37%，多不饱和脂肪酸与饱和脂肪酸的比例[P/S]为 0.5，胆固醇摄入量 300 毫克/天）转变为脂肪和胆固醇含量较低的饮食（美国心脏协会第 2 阶段饮食：脂肪含量 30%，P/S 比例为 1，胆固醇摄入量 150 至 200 毫克/天）并维持该饮食 20 周时，她们的血浆胆固醇水平在 4 周后下降了约 6%，并在研究结束前一直保持在该水平。同样，VIIc 下降了约 11%，而凝血因子 VII 抗原、凝血因子 VII 总活性和纤维蛋白原浓度与基线值相比没有明显变化。我们的结果表明，绝经前女性通过降低血液胆固醇和 VIIc，从总脂肪和饱和脂肪含量较低的饮食中获益。根据诺斯威克公园心脏研究中男性的数据推断，VIIc 活性下降 11%将对应冠心病死亡风险降低约 30%。
