Laurian C, Gigou F, Brisset D
Service de chirurgie vasculaire, hôpital Saint-Joseph, Paris.
Rev Prat. 1994 Mar 15;44(6):751-5.
Ultrasound examination, digital phlebography, and CT scan have facilitated the diagnosis of unusual forms of chronic venous insufficiency. Congenital anomalies of the deep venous system and vascular malformations are the most common forms. The lesions are more frequent in the deep venous system of the lower limbs than in the vena cava or the iliac veins. Agenesia and traumatic lesions of the inferior vena cava are rare. Occlusion of the iliac veins is often diagnosed during late childhood; they are secondary to the traumatic catheterization of the femoral vein. Valvular incompetence and vascular malformations are localized to the lower limbs. Surgery has some indications. Reconstructive techniques are used for the iliac vein or the inferior vena cava. In the lower limb, valvuloplasty of the femoral vein is proposed only after conservative therapy has failed.
超声检查、数字静脉造影和CT扫描有助于诊断不常见形式的慢性静脉功能不全。深静脉系统的先天性异常和血管畸形是最常见的形式。这些病变在下肢深静脉系统中比在腔静脉或髂静脉中更常见。下腔静脉发育不全和创伤性病变很少见。髂静脉闭塞常在儿童晚期被诊断出来；它们继发于股静脉的创伤性插管。瓣膜功能不全和血管畸形局限于下肢。手术有一些适应证。重建技术用于髂静脉或下腔静脉。在下肢，仅在保守治疗失败后才建议进行股静脉瓣膜成形术。
