Johnson F Y
Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Papua New Guinea, Port Moresby.
P N G Med J. 1993 Sep;36(3):205-9.
The purpose of this paper is to give an overview of the psychiatric aspects of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)/human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and sexually transmitted disease (STD) under the following subheadings: AIDS-related complex, AIDS hypochondriasis, AIDS dementia complex, AIDS and increased risk of suicide, psychiatric aspects of STD, and implications for the management of patients. The psychiatric aspects of HIV infection and AIDS include problems of adjustment to a diagnosis with a stigma and the threat of death, reactive depression and potential risk of suicide, personality disorder, AIDS-related complex (ARC), and AIDS-related dementia. The paper gives an overview of clinical, neuropathological and psychopathological experience in other countries with relevant examples from Papua New Guinea if available. STDs are mentioned because HIV transmission in Papua New Guinea is mostly by heterosexual means. The paper concludes by emphasizing the psychiatric principles of management of HIV-infected/AIDS/STD patients, which include pharmacotherapy but are always based on supportive psychotherapy and counselling.
本文旨在按以下小标题概述获得性免疫缺陷综合征（AIDS）/人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染和性传播疾病（STD）的精神科问题：艾滋病相关综合征、艾滋病疑病症、艾滋病痴呆综合征、艾滋病与自杀风险增加、性传播疾病的精神科问题以及对患者管理的影响。HIV感染和艾滋病的精神科问题包括适应带有污名化诊断及死亡威胁的问题、反应性抑郁和潜在自杀风险、人格障碍、艾滋病相关综合征（ARC）以及艾滋病相关痴呆。本文概述了其他国家的临床、神经病理学和精神病理学经验，并在有可用实例时列举了巴布亚新几内亚的相关例子。提及性传播疾病是因为在巴布亚新几内亚，HIV主要通过异性传播。本文最后强调了管理HIV感染/AIDS/STD患者的精神科原则，其中包括药物治疗，但始终以支持性心理治疗和咨询为基础。
