Wacholder S, Benichou J, Heineman E F, Hartge P, Hoover R N
Epidemiology and Biostatistics Program, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD.
Am J Epidemiol. 1994 Aug 15;140(4):303-9. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a117252.
Classification of exposure into two levels--one consisting exclusively of unexposed individuals and the other consisting of exposed and perhaps unexposed ones--yields an unbiased estimate of attributable risk when misclassification is nondifferential. The authors advocate, therefore, the use of a broad definition of exposure when estimating attributable risk. Based on this idea, they justify a simple and robust method for estimating the overall attributable risk from several exposures that is based on a division of subjects into two groups, a baseline consisting of those unexposed to all exposures and everyone else.
将暴露分为两个水平——一个仅由未暴露个体组成，另一个由暴露个体以及可能未暴露个体组成——当错误分类无差异时，可得出归因风险的无偏估计。因此，作者主张在估计归因风险时采用宽泛的暴露定义。基于这一理念，他们论证了一种简单且稳健的方法，该方法基于将受试者分为两组来估计来自多种暴露的总体归因风险，一组是未暴露于所有暴露因素的基线组，另一组是其他所有人。
