de Bruin-Weller M S, Rijssenbeek-Nouwens L H, de Monchy J G
Asthmacenter Heideheuvel, Hilversum, The Netherlands.
J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1994 Aug;94(2 Pt 1):231-9. doi: 10.1016/0091-6749(94)90045-0.
Cetirizine hydrochloride has proved effective in reducing allergic symptoms and can inhibit the infiltration of eosinophils in allergic late-phase responses in the skin. Because eosinophils are likely to play an important role in allergic late-phase reactions, we studied the effect of cetirizine on early and late asthmatic reactions and on levels of eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) in the blood after allergen challenge.
The effect of 15 mg cetirizine given twice daily was studied in 16 patients allergic to house dust mites in a double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Patients were treated for 3 weeks. Before and after treatment, bronchial challenges with house-dust mites were performed. Blood ECP levels were measured 6 hours after challenge. Methacholine provocation was performed 72 hours before and 24 hours after each challenge.
Early and late asthmatic response--measured as mean maximal fall in forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) and the provocative dose of allergen that causes a 15% fall in FEV1 (PD15 allergen)--were not significantly reduced after treatment with cetirizine, compared with placebo. There was also no significant effect on the concentration of methacholine, which causes a 20% fall in FEV1 (PC20 methacholine). The increase in the level of ECP in the blood after allergen challenge was reduced after cetirizine treatment, compared with placebo, but this difference was not statistically significant.
Eighteen days of treatment with cetirizine did not significantly reduce the intensity of the early and late asthmatic responses.
盐酸西替利嗪已被证明在减轻过敏症状方面有效，并且能够抑制皮肤过敏迟发相反应中嗜酸性粒细胞的浸润。由于嗜酸性粒细胞可能在过敏迟发相反应中起重要作用，我们研究了西替利嗪对变应原激发后早期和晚期哮喘反应以及血液中嗜酸性粒细胞阳离子蛋白（ECP）水平的影响。
在一项双盲、安慰剂对照研究中，对16名对屋尘螨过敏的患者研究了每日两次服用15毫克西替利嗪的效果。患者接受治疗3周。在治疗前后，进行了屋尘螨支气管激发试验。在激发后6小时测量血液ECP水平。在每次激发前72小时和激发后24小时进行乙酰甲胆碱激发试验。
与安慰剂相比，用西替利嗪治疗后，以1秒用力呼气量（FEV1）的平均最大下降幅度和导致FEV1下降15%的变应原激发剂量（PD15变应原）衡量的早期和晚期哮喘反应没有显著降低。对导致FEV1下降20%的乙酰甲胆碱浓度（PC20乙酰甲胆碱）也没有显著影响。与安慰剂相比，西替利嗪治疗后变应原激发后血液中ECP水平的升高有所降低，但这种差异没有统计学意义。
西替利嗪治疗18天并未显著降低早期和晚期哮喘反应的强度。
