Peay M Y, Peay E R
Department of Psychiatry, University of Adelaide, Australia.
Soc Sci Med. 1994 Jul;39(1):39-52. doi: 10.1016/0277-9536(94)90164-3.
The aim of this study was to identify predictors of the early adoption of high risk drugs by specialists with the expectation that the processes of innovation in this domain differ from those identified for general medical practice. One hundred and fifty-six specialists provided information regarding their awareness and use of each of eight target drugs, selected for their riskiness, and discussed in detail their adoption of one of them. General innovative behaviour, as assessed by awareness and use of the target drugs, as well as early first news of the particular drug discussed, were predictable from formal and informal contact with colleagues. However, the results indicate that two types of contact with colleagues are clearly distinguishable, as an information source and as an information seeker, which are independent and which show different patterns of prediction. Early use of the drug discussed was largely independent of the potential predictors. It is argued that first use of high risk drugs is determined by two factors, preparedness to prescribe the new drug and the presentation of particular circumstances which are appropriate for its use, only the first of which is predictable from the variables ordinarily thought to be involved in innovation. Therefore, if innovation is to be identified with stable characteristics of the practitioner, then this concept must be redefined in terms of knowledge and judgement rather than in terms of a particular behavioural event.
本研究的目的是确定专科医生早期采用高风险药物的预测因素，期望该领域的创新过程与一般医疗实践中所确定的过程有所不同。156名专科医生提供了有关他们对8种目标药物（因其风险性而选定）的知晓和使用情况的信息，并详细讨论了他们对其中一种药物的采用情况。通过对目标药物的知晓和使用以及所讨论的特定药物的早期首次消息来评估的一般创新行为，可以从与同事的正式和非正式接触中预测出来。然而，结果表明，与同事的两种接触类型（作为信息源和作为信息寻求者）明显可区分，它们相互独立且呈现出不同的预测模式。所讨论药物的早期使用在很大程度上与潜在预测因素无关。有人认为，高风险药物的首次使用由两个因素决定，即开新药的准备程度和适合使用该药的特定情况的呈现，其中只有第一个因素可从通常认为与创新有关的变量中预测出来。因此，如果创新要与从业者的稳定特征相关联，那么这个概念必须根据知识和判断力而不是根据特定的行为事件来重新定义。
