Fannelli G M, Weiner I M
J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1975 May;193(2):363-75.
The effects of salicylate, probenecid (Benemid) and pyrazinoate on uric acid excretion were determined in clearance experiments in the chimpanzee and Cebus monkey (C. albifrons and C. apella). The results were correlated with data from these species in the literature and where possible to analogous data in man. With salicylate, the rank order of responsiveness in terms of uricosuric action was chimpanzee greater than man greater than C. albifrons = C. apella. This was true when comparisons were made on the bases of drug concentration in plasma or the rate of drug excretion per milliliter of glomerular filtrate. A similar rank order was obtained with probenecid except that C. albifrons was slightly more responsive than C. apella. The latter comparisons were on the basis of plasma concentration of drug. The chimpanzee is more susceptible to the uricosuric action of pyrazinoate than is C. apella. With salicylate and pyrazinoate, there was urate retention at levels lower than those required for a uricosuric effect. The results suggest that in comparison with man, the chimpanzee is a hyperresponder to uricosuric drugs and Cebus monkeys are hyporesponders. Therefore, these findings limit extensions of quantitative results from one species to another.
在黑猩猩和卷尾猴（白额卷尾猴和僧帽卷尾猴）的清除实验中，测定了水杨酸盐、丙磺舒（羧苯磺胺）和吡嗪酸盐对尿酸排泄的影响。将结果与文献中这些物种的数据以及与人类的类似数据进行了关联。对于水杨酸盐，就促尿酸尿作用而言，反应性的排序为：黑猩猩＞人类＞白额卷尾猴 = 僧帽卷尾猴。当基于血浆中的药物浓度或每毫升肾小球滤液的药物排泄率进行比较时，情况都是如此。使用丙磺舒时也得到了类似的排序，只是白额卷尾猴的反应性略高于僧帽卷尾猴。后一种比较是基于药物的血浆浓度。黑猩猩比僧帽卷尾猴对吡嗪酸盐的促尿酸尿作用更敏感。对于水杨酸盐和吡嗪酸盐，在低于产生促尿酸尿作用所需的水平时就出现了尿酸潴留。结果表明，与人类相比，黑猩猩对促尿酸尿药物反应过度，而卷尾猴反应不足。因此，这些发现限制了将定量结果从一个物种推广到另一个物种。
