Becker B C, Nielsen T G
Ore-naese-halsafdelingen, Amtssygehuset i Glostrup.
Ugeskr Laeger. 1994 Jul 25;156(30):4336-9.
The hospital records of 99 children with foreign bodies in the airways (n = 51) or oesophagus (n = 48) were reviewed with respect to occurrence, course of disease and mortality. Childhood death records in Denmark over a ten year period due to asphyxiation by food were surveyed. A third of the patients with oesophageal foreign bodies had respiratory symptoms. Most children with airway foreign bodies were aged 1 to 3 years and generally had a positive history of choking. The dominating symptoms were cough, wheezing and cyanosis. Chest X-ray was normal in 25%. There were no complications during bronchoscopy. The most common foreign bodies extracted were nuts (29%). The estimated death rate due to airway foreign bodies is 0.9 per 100,000 children in Denmark per year. Rigid oesophagoscopy and bronchoscopy should be performed promptly on suspicion of foreign bodies located in the oesophagus or airways to ensure fast recovery. Nuts, tablets and other small items should not be within reach of small children.
回顾了99例气道（n = 51）或食管（n = 48）有异物的儿童的医院记录，内容涉及发病情况、病程和死亡率。调查了丹麦十年期间因食物窒息导致的儿童死亡记录。三分之一的食管异物患者有呼吸道症状。大多数气道异物患儿年龄在1至3岁，通常有呛噎史。主要症状为咳嗽、喘息和发绀。25%的患儿胸部X光检查正常。支气管镜检查期间无并发症。取出的最常见异物是坚果（29%）。丹麦每年每10万名儿童中因气道异物导致的估计死亡率为0.9。怀疑食管或气道有异物时，应立即进行硬质食管镜检查和支气管镜检查，以确保快速康复。坚果、药片和其他小物品不应放在幼儿可触及的范围内。
