Lopez R, Martinez-Burnes J, Vargas G, Loredo J, Medellin J, Rosiles R
Laboratorio de Diagnostico, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Autonoma de Tamaulipas, Mexico.
Vet Hum Toxicol. 1994 Jun;36(3):195-8.
Each year during late winter and spring, grazing sheep and cattle in the State of Tamaulipas in northeastern Mexico develop toxicoses which have been empirically associated to consumption of a toxic plant locally known as moradilla. This investigation was undertaken to determine whether moradilla was a toxic plant not yet reported in Tamaulipas or was an unrecognized species of the Lobelaceae or Campanulaceae family. Taxonomic determination of moradilla plants collected from February to April showed that it was a species of Lobelia. Five alkaloids were identified by thin-layer chromatography in the mature stages of moradilla, while only 1 and 3 alkaloids were found in the growing and flowering stages of this plant, respectively. The alkaloids were not affected by making silage, drying in hay or freezing. Experimental intoxication of sheep with moradilla caused clinical signs and pathologic changes identical to those previously described for lobelia toxicosis. It was concluded that Lobelia berlandieri was the cause of moradilla toxicosis in grazing cattle and sheep of northeastern Mexico.
每年冬末和春季，墨西哥东北部塔毛利帕斯州的放牧牛羊会出现中毒症状，根据经验，这些症状与食用当地一种名为“moradilla”的有毒植物有关。此次调查旨在确定“moradilla”是塔毛利帕斯州尚未报道过的有毒植物，还是桔梗科或半边莲科中未被识别的物种。对2月至4月采集的“moradilla”植物进行分类鉴定表明，它是半边莲属的一个物种。通过薄层色谱法在“moradilla”成熟阶段鉴定出了5种生物碱，而在该植物的生长和开花阶段分别仅发现了1种和3种生物碱。这些生物碱不受制作青贮饲料、干草干燥或冷冻的影响。用“moradilla”对绵羊进行实验性中毒，导致的临床症状和病理变化与先前描述的半边莲中毒相同。得出的结论是，伯兰迪尔半边莲是墨西哥东北部放牧牛羊“moradilla”中毒的病因。
