Masuzawa H, Tokuyama Y, Kubo T, Kanazawa I, Kamitani H, Sato J
Department of Neurosurgery, Kanto Teishin Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
No Shinkei Geka. 1994 Aug;22(8):723-30.
Brain injury sequelae were observed in 24 patients who had sustained diffuse brain injury. According to their ability to lead social life, the severity was classified into 6 levels; vegetative, severe, moderate, mild, fair, and good. The severity levels statistically correlated with the length of the initial unconsciousness (Spearman's correlation coefficient r = 0.929, n = 24, p < 0.01), with posttraumatic amnesia (r = 0.827, n = 8, p < 0.05), with ventricular enlargement (r = 0.808, n = 24, p < 0.01) and with the presence of hemiplegia (r = 0.740, n = 24, p < 0.01). Children and young adults showed a tendency to improve to milder levels. Mild head injury patients who sustained concussion of less than 6 hours in duration also showed minimal sequelae such as mild ventricular dilatation and difficulty in recent memory. This memory impairment had often been ascribed to the so-called postconcussional syndrome. The threshold for occurrence of diffuse brain injury sequelae was estimated as concussion lasting 15-30 minutes or post-traumatic amnesia of a few days in duration in adults and about a week in children. Superficially localized brain contusion was frequently observed and was not correlated with the severity level, hemiplegia or post-concussional syndrome.
在24例遭受弥漫性脑损伤的患者中观察到脑损伤后遗症。根据他们的社交生活能力，严重程度分为6级：植物人、重度、中度、轻度、尚可和良好。严重程度分级与初始昏迷时间在统计学上相关（斯皮尔曼相关系数r = 0.929，n = 24，p < 0.01），与创伤后遗忘症相关（r = 0.827，n = 8，p < 0.05），与脑室扩大相关（r = 0.808，n = 24，p < 0.01）以及与偏瘫的存在相关（r = 0.740，n = 24，p < 0.01）。儿童和年轻人有向较轻级别改善的趋势。持续时间少于6小时的轻度头部受伤导致脑震荡的患者也表现出最小的后遗症，如轻度脑室扩张和近期记忆困难。这种记忆障碍常被归因于所谓的脑震荡后综合征。成人弥漫性脑损伤后遗症发生的阈值估计为持续15 - 30分钟的脑震荡或持续数天的创伤后遗忘症，儿童约为一周。经常观察到浅表局限性脑挫伤，且与严重程度分级、偏瘫或脑震荡后综合征无关。
