Wahl G, Achu-Kwi M D, Mbah D, Dawa O, Renz A
Institut für Tropenmedizin, Tübingen, Germany.
Vet Parasitol. 1994 Apr;52(3-4):297-311. doi: 10.1016/0304-4017(94)90121-x.
Ventral skin biopsies from 204 Gudali cattle of the Vina division in the Adamawa highlands revealed microfilariae of Onchocerca gutturosa, O. ochengi and O. dukei in 85%, 51% and 8% of the animals, respectively. In 60 Fulani cattle from the Tcholliré division in the Sudan savanna, the same microfilaria species were detected in 92%, 83% and 47% of the animals. Onchocerca armillata adult worms were found in 67% of the Gudalis and in 100% of the Fulanis. In areas of high transmission the prevalences declined in old animals, possibly indicating acquired resistance. For all species no significant difference in prevalence was found between male and female cattle. The microfilariae of O. ochengi and O. dukei were concentrated in the skin of the posterior and anterior belly, respectively. Onchocerca gutturosa microfilariae had highest densities on the hump and near the umbilicus, whereas those of O. armillata were distributed more evenly across the body surface. In infected hides the mean microfilarial densities of O. gutturosa, O. ochengi, O. dukei and O. armillata were respectively 3.1 microfilariae (mff) mg-1, 0.6 mff mg-1, 0.7 mff mg-1 and 0.092 mff mg-1 for the whole body surface and 9.3 mff mg-1, 3.8 mff mg-1 and 1.9 mff mg-1 for the sites of highest density (O. armillata had no predilection site). Ninety-five per cent of the microfilariae were located in the uppermost skin layer of 2 mm depth, 5% were in the corium and none were found in the subcutis. Two cattle had skin microfilariae of a hitherto unknown Onchocerca species.
对阿达马瓦高地维纳分区的204头古达利牛进行的腹部皮肤活检显示，分别有85%、51%和8%的动物感染了喉盘尾丝虫、奥氏盘尾丝虫和杜氏盘尾丝虫的微丝蚴。在苏丹稀树草原乔利雷分区的60头富拉尼牛中，分别有92%、83%和47%的动物检测到相同的微丝蚴物种。在67%的古达利牛和100%的富拉尼牛中发现了环纹盘尾丝虫成虫。在高传播地区，老龄动物的患病率下降，这可能表明获得了抗性。对于所有物种，公牛和母牛之间的患病率没有显著差异。奥氏盘尾丝虫和杜氏盘尾丝虫的微丝蚴分别集中在腹部后部和前部的皮肤中。喉盘尾丝虫微丝蚴在驼峰和脐部附近密度最高，而环纹盘尾丝虫的微丝蚴在体表分布更均匀。在感染的兽皮中，喉盘尾丝虫、奥氏盘尾丝虫、杜氏盘尾丝虫和环纹盘尾丝虫的平均微丝蚴密度在整个体表分别为每毫克3.1条微丝蚴、0.6条微丝蚴、0.7条微丝蚴和0.092条微丝蚴，在密度最高的部位分别为每毫克9.3条微丝蚴、3.8条微丝蚴和1.9条微丝蚴（环纹盘尾丝虫没有偏好部位）。95%的微丝蚴位于深度为2毫米的最上层皮肤层，5%位于真皮层，皮下组织中未发现微丝蚴。两头牛的皮肤中有迄今未知的盘尾丝虫物种的微丝蚴。
