Morsy T A, el Shazly A M, el Kady G A, Sabry A H, Handousa A A, Ragheb D A, Kotb M M
Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
J Egypt Soc Parasitol. 1994 Aug;24(2):383-94.
In Egypt, zoonotic cutaneaus leishmaniasis (ZCL) and infantile visceral leishmaniasis (I.VL.) have been documented. Recently, in Dakahlia Governorate, three cases of indigenously acquired leishmaniasis (two VL. and one ZCL) have been reported. This paper aimed to search for the animal reservoir (s) of these two types of zoonotic leishmaniasis. Commensal and wild rodents as well as stray dogs were collected from concerned areas. Their role as animal reservoirs were investigated parasitologically (dogs and rodents) and serologically (rodents). Seropositivities as measured by the indirect haemagglutination tests were detected in six Rattus norvegicus (up to 1/256), two Acomys c. cahirinus (up to 1/128) and four Gerbillus pyramidum (up to 1/1024). However, Leishmania parasites were demonstrated as amastigotes (smear) and promastigotes (culture) in only two G. pyramidum. On the other hand, amastigotes of Leishmania parasites were demonstrated in splenic smears of two stray dogs, one from Bilkas Center and one from Dikarnis Center. Cultures of the splenic materials of dogs were not successful. The results indicated high probability for the presence of at least one focus of cutaneous leishmaniasis and one focus of visceral leishmaniasis. It is concluded that visceral leishmaniasis must be in mind when dealing with fever of obscure origin with hypersplenism or other suggestive manifestations.
在埃及，已记录到动物源性皮肤利什曼病（ZCL）和婴儿内脏利什曼病（I.VL.）。最近，在达卡利亚省，报告了3例本地获得性利什曼病（2例VL.和1例ZCL）。本文旨在寻找这两种动物源性利什曼病的动物宿主。从相关地区收集了共生和野生啮齿动物以及流浪狗。通过寄生虫学方法（针对狗和啮齿动物）和血清学方法（针对啮齿动物）研究了它们作为动物宿主的作用。通过间接血凝试验检测到，6只褐家鼠（滴度高达1/256）、2只埃及刺毛鼠（滴度高达1/128）和4只金字塔沙鼠（滴度高达1/1024）呈血清阳性。然而，仅在2只金字塔沙鼠中通过涂片发现无鞭毛体（涂片）和前鞭毛体（培养）证实有利什曼原虫寄生虫。另一方面，在2只流浪狗的脾脏涂片中发现了利什曼原虫寄生虫的无鞭毛体，1只来自比尔卡斯中心，1只来自迪卡尔尼斯中心。狗脾脏材料的培养未成功。结果表明，至少存在一个皮肤利什曼病病灶和一个内脏利什曼病病灶的可能性很大。结论是，在处理原因不明的发热伴脾功能亢进或其他提示性表现时，必须考虑内脏利什曼病。
