Raeder J C
Anestesiavdelingen, Klinikk for Medisinsk Service, Ullevål sykehus, Oslo.
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 1994 May 20;114(13):1526-30.
Nausea and vomiting are frequent problems in the postoperative period. The introduction of 5-HT3 receptor antagonists has stimulated interest and research in this area. The paper reviews the etiology, physiology, prophylaxis and treatment of postoperative nausea and vomiting. Before using specific antiemetic prophylaxis it is important to evaluate patient risk factors, surgical stimuli and method of anaesthesia. The choice of antiemetic drugs for treatment and prophylaxis should be guided by consideration of effect mechanism, side-effects, clinical documentation and total costs. No single drug is fully effective and combination therapy should be considered in resistant cases.
恶心和呕吐是术后常见问题。5-羟色胺3受体拮抗剂的引入激发了该领域的关注和研究。本文综述了术后恶心和呕吐的病因、生理学、预防和治疗。在使用特定的止吐预防措施之前，评估患者风险因素、手术刺激和麻醉方法很重要。治疗和预防用止吐药物的选择应考虑作用机制、副作用、临床证据和总成本。没有一种药物是完全有效的，对于难治性病例应考虑联合治疗。
