Congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia.

Congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia is a rare and difficult problem. The cause is unknown, the treatment is nonstandardized, and the results are generally poor. One or two good attempts at union should be made, followed by amputation if union is not obtained or if deformity is worse than that produced by a prosthesis. Electrical stimulation of bone healing is not yet technically advanced enough for use in stimulating fractures to heal in humans, but it has been proven to promote healing in animals and holds considerable promise for the future.