Panchenko V M, Baiukova S V, Turanov V I
Kardiologiia. 1993;33(2):50-3.
The paper presents an analysis of 79 case histories of patients with pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE). PTE is common in the elderly with cardiovascular diseases complicated with circulatory insufficiency. Before admission, 52% were not diagnosed as having PTE. The most frequent symptoms of PTE included dyspnea, tachycardia, grey cyanosis. Recurrent PTE was established in 38% of the cases. The signs SIQIIITIII, S type, ST-segment elevation in the lead VI are more frequently detectable on ECG. The most common X-ray signs are elevation of the diaphragm, vascular stump, Westermark's symptom. Pulmonary scintigraphy that detects multiple and bilateral foci of avascularization and follows up their time course is of great value in the diagnosis of PTE. Hemostatic disorders by the type of disseminated intravascular coagulation make a great contribution to the pathogenesis of PTE.
本文对79例肺血栓栓塞症（PTE）患者的病历进行了分析。PTE在患有心血管疾病并伴有循环功能不全的老年人中较为常见。入院前，52%的患者未被诊断为患有PTE。PTE最常见的症状包括呼吸困难、心动过速、面色发灰。38%的病例确诊为复发性PTE。心电图上更常检测到SIQIIITIII征、S波型、V1导联ST段抬高。最常见的X线征象是膈肌抬高、血管残端、韦斯特马克征。肺灌注显像可检测到多个双侧无血管化病灶并跟踪其病程，对PTE的诊断具有重要价值。弥散性血管内凝血类型的止血障碍对PTE的发病机制有很大影响。
