Cutaneous Wegener's granulomatosis: clinical, histopathologic, and immunopathologic features of thirty patients.

BACKGROUND

Wegener's granulomatosis (WG) is a systemic disease characterized by necrotizing granulomatous inflammation and vasculitis. Its cutaneous manifestations vary.

OBJECTIVE

We reviewed and characterized the clinical, pathologic, and immunopathologic features of the specific cutaneous manifestations of WG and investigated the sensitivity and the specificity of anti-neutrophilic cytoplasmic antibody (c-ANCA) in the cutaneous manifestations of this disease.

METHODS

A retrospective analysis was conducted of 244 cases of WG observed between 1988 and 1992.

RESULTS

Skin involvement occurred in 14% of the patients and was more frequent in generalized WG. Skin lesions may be an early premonitory sign of renal disease. Necrotizing ulcerations resembling pyoderma gangrenosum were not uncommon. Leukocytoclastic vasculitis was the most common cutaneous pathologic pattern. Findings of c-ANCA were positive in 81% of patients with cutaneous WG.

CONCLUSION

Skin involvement usually occurred at presentation with generalized disease. c-ANCA is a valuable adjunct to diagnosis and follow-up of WG.