Laitinen T, Koskimies S, Westman P
Tissue Typing Laboratory, Finnish Red Cross Blood Transfusion Service, Helsinki.
Eur J Immunogenet. 1993 Aug;20(4):249-58. doi: 10.1111/j.1744-313x.1993.tb00140.x.
The polymorphism of Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) class II genes DRB, DQA, DQB, and DPA was studied by TaqI Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP) in recurrent spontaneous abortions (RSA). The study group consisted of 35 primary abortion (PA) couples (no children) and 15 secondary abortion (SA) couples (1-2 children before abortions). We found no increase in DR-DQ compatibility between the mother and the foetus in the Finnish RSA group. In contrast to findings in some other populations, foeto-maternal incompatibility was increased in the PA group. Thus, our results do not support the theory that increased MHC class II compatibility is a cause of abortions as such. The Finns are a small and relatively isolated population with a unique gene inheritance. Thus, one can speculate that, if the human MHC class II is in the linkage with disadvantageous 'fertility genes', and these genes might nonetheless still be clustered in only a few MHC haplotypes among the Finns. This would be the reason, that DR-DQ sharing is not seen. The presence of rare HLA alleles, such as DR2 and DR6, among the aborters also supports this. In addition, this study extends our previous findings on MHC class III in regards to PA and SA couples differing immunogenetically from each other. In MHC class II, this was most obvious in the DPA1 locus. The vast majority of SA women were heterozygous for the two most common DPA1 alleles (14.0 kb and 13.5 kb), resulting in significantly smaller chances for a DPA1 mismatched foetus to occur in the SA group than in the controls or in the PA women.
采用TaqI限制性片段长度多态性（RFLP）技术，对复发性自然流产（RSA）患者的主要组织相容性复合体（MHC）Ⅱ类基因DRB、DQA、DQB和DPA的多态性进行了研究。研究组由35对原发性流产（PA）夫妇（无子女）和15对继发性流产（SA）夫妇（流产前有1 - 2个子女）组成。我们发现芬兰RSA组中母亲与胎儿之间的DR - DQ相容性并未增加。与其他一些人群的研究结果相反，PA组中母胎不相容性增加。因此，我们的结果不支持MHCⅡ类相容性增加本身是流产原因这一理论。芬兰人是一个规模较小且相对隔离的人群，具有独特的基因遗传。因此，可以推测，如果人类MHCⅡ类基因与不利的“生育基因”连锁，而这些基因在芬兰人中可能仅聚集在少数MHC单倍型中。这就是未观察到DR - DQ共享的原因。流产者中罕见HLA等位基因（如DR2和DR6）的存在也支持了这一点。此外，本研究扩展了我们之前关于PA和SA夫妇在免疫遗传学上彼此不同的MHCⅢ类的研究结果。在MHCⅡ类中，这在DPA1基因座最为明显。绝大多数SA女性对于两种最常见的DPA1等位基因（14.0 kb和13.5 kb）是杂合的，这使得SA组中出现DPA1不匹配胎儿的几率显著低于对照组或PA组女性。
