Masuda-Nakagawa L M, Walz A, Brodbeck D, Neely M D, Grumbacher-Reinert S
Department of Pharmacology, Universität Basel, Switzerland.
J Neurobiol. 1994 Jan;25(1):83-91. doi: 10.1002/neu.480250108.
The principal aim of the present experiments has been to analyze the properties of microglial cells and their role in nerve regeneration. In the leech, damage to the CNS has been shown to be followed by accumulation of laminin and microglial cells at the site of injury (Masuda-Nakagawa et al., 1990. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B. 241:201-206; and 1993. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 90:4966-4970). Procedures were devised for isolating these small, wandering cells from the CNS of the leech. In culture, they were reliably identified by their sizes, shapes, and phagocytotic activity. Their morphology, motility, and interactions with neurons were influenced by the substrate molecules on which they were plated. On the plant lectin concanavalin A (Con A) microglia had a rounded shape and remained stationary. By contrast on extracts of leech extracellular matrix (ECM) enriched with laminin the cells were mobile and spindle-shaped with long processes. On Con A, neuronal growth cones avoided microglial cells, whereas on ECM extract the presence of a microglial cell did not influence neurite growth. Microglial cells showed immunoreactivity on both substrates when stained with a monoclonal antibody against leech laminin. Together these results suggest that microglial cells are influenced in their properties by molecules in the environment and that they could contribute to neuronal outgrowth at the site of an injury.
本实验的主要目的是分析小胶质细胞的特性及其在神经再生中的作用。在水蛭中，已表明中枢神经系统受损后，层粘连蛋白和小胶质细胞会在损伤部位聚集（增田-中川等人，1990年。《伦敦皇家学会学报》B辑。241:201 - 206；以及1993年。《美国国家科学院院刊》90:4966 - 4970）。已设计出从水蛭中枢神经系统分离这些小的游走细胞的方法。在培养中，可通过它们的大小、形状和吞噬活性可靠地识别它们。它们的形态、运动性以及与神经元的相互作用受其接种的底物分子影响。在植物凝集素伴刀豆球蛋白A（Con A）上，小胶质细胞呈圆形且保持静止。相比之下，在富含层粘连蛋白的水蛭细胞外基质（ECM）提取物上，细胞呈可移动的纺锤形且有长突起。在Con A上，神经元生长锥避开小胶质细胞，而在ECM提取物上，小胶质细胞的存在不影响神经突生长。当用抗水蛭层粘连蛋白的单克隆抗体染色时，小胶质细胞在两种底物上均显示免疫反应性。这些结果共同表明，小胶质细胞的特性受环境中的分子影响，并且它们可能有助于损伤部位的神经元生长。
