Nakagaki H, Brunhart G, Kemper T L, Caveness W F
J Neurosurg. 1976 Jan;44(1):3-11. doi: 10.3171/jns.1976.44.1.0003.
Twelve Macaca mulatta monkeys received 200 rads of supervoltage radiation to the whole brain per day, 5 days a week. The course in 4 monkeys was 4 weeks for a total dose of 4000 rads; in 4 monkeys, 6 weeks for 6000 rads; and in 4 monkeys, 8 weeks for 8000 rads. Four unirradiated monkeys served as controls. One from each group, sacrificed at 6 and 12 months from start of irradiation, are reported here. The results from 4000 rads were negligible; those from 8000 rads, profound, with gross brain destruction. The results from 6000 rads, within the therapeutic range, included at 6 months punctate necrotic lesions, 1 mm or less, widely scattered but with a predilection for the forebrain white matter. The reaction to these lesions ranged from an early macrophage response to calcification. Some were accompanied by focal edema. There were occasional examples of vascular endothelial proliferation. In addition, there were patches of dilated capillaries or telangiectasia. Twelve months after 6000 rads there were a few mineralized lesions and innumerable minute deposits of calcium and iron. A more active process was suggested by widely disseminated areas of telangiectasia, 6 to 12 mm in extent. The clinical course from this exposure included papilledema from the third to the sixth month and depressed visual evoked response accompanied by delta activity in the electroencephalogram from the sixth to the twelfth month.
12只恒河猴，每周5天，每天接受200拉德的全脑超高压辐射。4只猴子的疗程为4周，总剂量4000拉德；4只猴子为6周，6000拉德；4只猴子为8周，8000拉德。4只未接受辐射的猴子作为对照。本文报告每组中各有一只在开始辐射后6个月和12个月处死的猴子的情况。4000拉德的结果可忽略不计；8000拉德的结果很严重，大脑出现严重破坏。6000拉德的结果处于治疗范围内，6个月时包括点状坏死灶，直径1毫米或更小，广泛分布，但以前脑白质最为常见。对这些病灶的反应从早期巨噬细胞反应到钙化不等。有些伴有局灶性水肿。偶尔有血管内皮细胞增生的例子。此外，还有扩张的毛细血管或毛细血管扩张斑。6000拉德辐射12个月后，有一些矿化病灶以及无数微小的钙和铁沉积。广泛分布的6至12毫米大小的毛细血管扩张区域提示有更活跃的过程。此次辐射后的临床病程包括第3至6个月出现视乳头水肿，第6至12个月出现视觉诱发电位降低并伴有脑电图中的δ活动。
