Saunders D G, Hamberger L K, Hovey M
University of Michigan School of Social Work, Ann Arbor.
Arch Fam Med. 1993 May;2(5):537-43. doi: 10.1001/archfami.2.5.537.
To identify demographic and health indicators of domestic violence.
Anonymous questionnaire survey of patients regarding violence and a chart review regarding symptoms and diagnoses.
Community-based family practice residency training center in a midwestern city.
Women 18 years of age or older visiting the center over a 2-month period in 1990. Of 476 eligible participants, 394 (82.7%) consented to complete the survey.
A detailed, standardized measure of violence was used. Physical and psychological problems were given codes from the International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision (ICD-9).
Younger women and those separated or divorced from their partners were more likely to have been victims. Never-married women also had substantially high rates of victimization. Depression was the strongest indicator of victimization, even when controlling for demographic factors. Back pain, ulcers, headaches, and anxiety were not strong indicators of abuse. A classification analysis showed that a combination of all variables could predict lifetime injury only about half the time and violence in the past year only about 20% of the time.
Since neither demographic nor health factors could accurately predict who had been victimized, all women need to be asked about abuse. Physicians should also keep in mind that divorced and unmarried women are often affected by abuse, either immediately or by its long-term aftereffects.
确定家庭暴力的人口统计学和健康指标。
对患者进行关于暴力的匿名问卷调查，并对症状和诊断进行图表回顾。
中西部城市的社区家庭医疗住院医师培训中心。
1990年在两个月内到该中心就诊的18岁及以上女性。在476名符合条件的参与者中，394名（82.7%）同意完成调查。
使用详细、标准化的暴力测量方法。身体和心理问题按照《国际疾病分类》第九版（ICD - 9）进行编码。
年轻女性以及与伴侣分居或离婚的女性更有可能成为受害者。从未结婚的女性受害率也相当高。即使在控制了人口统计学因素后，抑郁症仍是受害的最强指标。背痛、溃疡、头痛和焦虑并不是虐待的有力指标。分类分析表明，所有变量组合仅在大约一半的时间内能够预测终身受伤情况，在过去一年的暴力情况预测中仅约20%的时间有效。
由于人口统计学因素和健康因素都无法准确预测谁是受害者，因此需要询问所有女性是否遭受过虐待。医生还应记住，离婚和未婚女性经常受到虐待的影响，无论是直接影响还是长期后遗症。
