Hainsworth M A, Eakes G G, Burke M L
Issues Ment Health Nurs. 1994 Jan-Feb;15(1):59-66. doi: 10.3109/01612849409074934.
This qualitative study was designed to examine the presence of chronic sorrow in diverse populations of individuals with chronic or life threatening conditions and to identify strategies for coping with feelings of chronic sorrow. Chronic sorrow was defined as a pervasive sadness that is permanent, periodic, and progressive in nature. The sample comprised 5 infertile couples, 10 individuals with long-term cancer, 10 individuals with multiple sclerosis, 6 individuals with Parkinson's disease, and 4 spouse caregivers. Data were collected through audiotaped face-to-face or telephone interviews using the Burke/NCRCS Chronic Sorrow Questionnaire. The audiotapes were transcribed, entered into a computer analysis program, and collaboratively analyzed by the researchers. The findings indicate that 83% of the subjects experienced chronic sorrow. The four coping strategies that were identified by the subjects as being helpful to their situation were categorized by the researchers as interpersonal, emotional, cognitive, and action.
这项定性研究旨在调查患有慢性疾病或危及生命疾病的不同人群中慢性悲伤的存在情况，并确定应对慢性悲伤情绪的策略。慢性悲伤被定义为一种普遍存在的悲伤，具有永久性、周期性和渐进性。样本包括5对不孕夫妇、10名长期患癌症的患者、10名多发性硬化症患者、6名帕金森病患者和4名配偶照顾者。通过使用伯克/国家慢性悲伤调查问卷进行面对面或电话录音访谈来收集数据。录音被转录，输入计算机分析程序，并由研究人员进行共同分析。研究结果表明，83%的受试者经历过慢性悲伤。受试者认为对他们的情况有帮助的四种应对策略被研究人员归类为人际、情感、认知和行动策略。
