Burns E M, Campbell S L, Arehart K H
Department of Speech and Hearing Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle 98195.
J Acoust Soc Am. 1994 Jan;95(1):385-94. doi: 10.1121/1.408330.
It has previously been shown [E. M. Burns, K. H. Arehart, and S. L. Campbell, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 91, 1575-1581 (1992)] that both the overall prevalence of spontaneous otoacoustic emissions (SOAEs) and most of the various gender- and ear-related prevalence tendencies are not significantly different in 1-month-olds and adults. However, large differences were found between the neonates and adults in the distributions of the frequencies and levels of SOAEs. Both the average level and the median frequency were significantly higher in infants. To obtain longitudinal SOAE data, infants from this original group of 1-month-olds were tested at ages 3, 6, 12, and 24 months. In general, individual SOAEs decrease in level with age, and high-frequency SOAEs tend to show the largest decreases. No substantial shifts occur in the frequencies of individual SOAEs. The frequency and level distributions at 24 months of age are still not adult-like. SOAEs which show short-term instabilities in frequency and/or amplitude at 1 month of age typically continue to evidence such instabilities at later ages. These results suggest the cochlea is adult-like at birth, and imply that the observed SOAE changes reflect developmental changes in the external and middle ear.
先前的研究[E.M.伯恩斯、K.H.阿雷哈特和S.L.坎贝尔，《美国声学学会杂志》91，1575 - 1581(1992)]表明，1个月大的婴儿和成年人在自发性耳声发射(SOAE)的总体患病率以及大多数与性别和耳朵相关的患病率趋势方面没有显著差异。然而，在新生儿和成年人之间发现了SOAE频率和水平分布的巨大差异。婴儿的平均水平和中位数频率都明显更高。为了获得纵向SOAE数据，对这组最初的1个月大的婴儿在3、6、12和24个月时进行了测试。一般来说，个体SOAE的水平会随着年龄的增长而下降，高频SOAE往往下降幅度最大。个体SOAE的频率没有发生实质性的变化。24个月大时的频率和水平分布仍然不像成年人。在1个月大时显示出频率和/或幅度短期不稳定的SOAE通常在后期年龄仍会表现出这种不稳定。这些结果表明耳蜗在出生时就类似成年人，并暗示观察到的SOAE变化反映了外耳和中耳的发育变化。
