Freeman R, Maizels J, Wyllie M, Sheiham A
Department of Dental Public Health, University College London, UK.
Community Dent Health. 1993 Dec;10(4):397-404.
A survey of 3,160 pupils aged 14 to 16 years, attending schools in the 16 districts of the North East Thames Regional Health Authority, was conducted to examine their dental health status, attitudes and behaviour. The objective was to examine factors that might affect the assimilation of dental health education information, attitude modification and behavioural change, both in terms of clinical and psychosocial indicators of dental health. In general the dental health of those surveyed was good. Female pupils from outer London schools with high educational aspirations tended to have better periodontal health, an increased experience of restorative treatment, a greater dental health knowledge and more positive attitudes than the remaining children. Pupils' dental health attitudes could be explained by their present self-care practices in addition to the wish to adopt positive dental health behaviours in the future. Their ability to adopt these was further associated with their positive and negative perceptions of their own dental health. The close association between positive behaviours towards, and feelings of control over future dental health suggested that health attitudes could reflect feelings of empowerment and this was conductive to the adoption of self-care practices. Those pupils who felt empowered were more able to promote their own dental health by means of their positive self-care actions. On the other hand those groups of pupils which appeared less able to assimilate dental health information, which had less positive attitudes and were therefore unable to promote their own dental health through the adoption of self-care practices, could be identified.
对就读于泰晤士河北部地区卫生局16个区学校的3160名14至16岁学生进行了一项调查，以检查他们的牙齿健康状况、态度和行为。目的是从牙齿健康的临床和社会心理指标方面，研究可能影响牙齿健康教育信息吸收、态度改变和行为改变的因素。总体而言，被调查者的牙齿健康状况良好。来自外伦敦学校、有较高教育抱负的女生，比起其他孩子，往往有更好的牙周健康状况、更多的修复治疗经历、更丰富的牙齿健康知识以及更积极的态度。除了希望在未来采取积极的牙齿健康行为外，学生的牙齿健康态度还可以通过他们目前的自我护理习惯来解释。他们采取这些行为的能力还与他们对自身牙齿健康的积极和消极认知有关。对未来牙齿健康的积极行为与控制感之间的密切关联表明，健康态度可能反映了赋权感，这有助于采取自我护理习惯。那些感到有赋权感的学生更能够通过积极的自我护理行动来促进自己的牙齿健康。另一方面，可以确定那些似乎较难吸收牙齿健康信息、态度较不积极、因此无法通过采取自我护理习惯来促进自身牙齿健康的学生群体。
