Pearce C J, Wallin J D
Department of Medicine, Louisiana State University School of Medicine, New Orleans 70112.
Cleve Clin J Med. 1994 Jan-Feb;61(1):59-69; quiz 80-2. doi: 10.3949/ccjm.61.1.59.
Labetalol, a compound that blocks both alpha- and beta-adrenergic receptors, is the only drug of its class currently available in the United States.
To review the pharmacology of labetalol and related compounds.
Unlike "pure" beta blockers, labetalol maintains cardiac output, reduces total peripheral resistance, and does not decrease peripheral blood flow. It has been used to treat hypertension of all degrees of severity and may be especially useful in black patients, elderly patients, patients with renal disease, and in pregnancy. It can be used in conditions that produce catecholamine crises, such as pheochromocytoma, clonidine withdrawal, and cocaine overdose. Its hemodynamic profile is attractive for use in myocardial ischemia. The parenteral form is useful in situations where blood pressure must be lowered quickly. The major side effect is orthostatic hypotension, and hepatotoxicity has been reported.
Labetalol has several advantages over pure beta-blocking drugs and offers an alternative in managing hypertension that is difficult to control.
拉贝洛尔是一种能同时阻断α和β肾上腺素能受体的化合物，是目前美国市场上该类药物中的唯一一种。
综述拉贝洛尔及相关化合物的药理学。
与“单纯”β受体阻滞剂不同，拉贝洛尔可维持心输出量，降低总外周阻力，且不减少外周血流量。它已被用于治疗各种严重程度的高血压，对黑人患者、老年患者、肾病患者及妊娠期患者可能尤为有用。它可用于治疗儿茶酚胺危象，如嗜铬细胞瘤、可乐定撤药反应及可卡因过量。其血流动力学特性使其在心肌缺血治疗中颇具吸引力。静脉注射剂型在必须迅速降低血压的情况下很有用。主要副作用是体位性低血压，且有肝毒性报道。
与单纯β受体阻滞剂相比，拉贝洛尔有若干优势，为治疗难以控制的高血压提供了一种替代选择。
