Swensen S J
Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905.
Radiographics. 1994 Jan;14(1):169-81; quiz 183-4. doi: 10.1148/radiographics.14.1.8128049.
Computed tomography (CT) and high-resolution CT (HRCT) play a central and important role in the evaluation and diagnosis of focal lung disease. Patients with known focal lung disease are usually best evaluated with CT of the entire thorax to exclude additional focal lung disease and to study the hilum and mediastinum. HRCT has superior spatial resolution, so that fine morphologic detail of lung disease can be better demonstrated. Care should be taken to select the patients most likely to benefit from CT or HRCT after appropriate evaluation with conventional modalities and comparison of the findings with those from previously obtained radiographs. CT or, when indicated, HRCT may obviate surgery or observation when the findings are diagnostic or may help in the selection of the most appropriate biopsy modality when the findings are indeterminate. If the findings are indeterminate after CT, HRCT may be helpful and cost-effective for diagnosis of focal infiltrative or nodular lung disease or abnormalities of the airways.
计算机断层扫描（CT）和高分辨率CT（HRCT）在局灶性肺部疾病的评估和诊断中起着核心且重要的作用。已知患有局灶性肺部疾病的患者通常最好进行全胸部CT检查，以排除其他局灶性肺部疾病，并研究肺门和纵隔。HRCT具有更高的空间分辨率，因此能够更好地显示肺部疾病的细微形态细节。在通过传统方式进行适当评估并将检查结果与先前获得的X光片结果进行比较后，应谨慎选择最有可能从CT或HRCT检查中受益的患者。当检查结果具有诊断性时，CT或必要时的HRCT检查可能无需进行手术或观察；而当检查结果不明确时，它们可能有助于选择最合适的活检方式。如果CT检查后结果仍不明确，HRCT对于诊断局灶性浸润性或结节性肺部疾病或气道异常可能是有用且具有成本效益的。
