Torzilli P A, Deng X, Warren R F
Laboratory for Soft Tissue Research, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021.
Am J Sports Med. 1994 Jan-Feb;22(1):105-12. doi: 10.1177/036354659402200117.
To determine the effect of an externally applied joint-compressive load and a quadriceps muscle force on knee motion, we tested nine intact cadaveric knees and four knees after sectioning of the anterior cruciate ligament. Anteroposterior translation was measured at 0 degrees, 15 degrees, 30 degrees, 45 degrees, and 90 degrees of knee flexion after the application of an anteroposterior force of 100 N, a joint-compressive load of 0, 111, 222, 333, or 444 N, and a quadriceps force of 0 or 133 N. Both a joint-compressive load and a quadriceps force significantly decreased total anteroposterior translation by as much as 50% to 66% in intact knees and 42% to 71% in anterior cruciate ligament-sectioned knees. A substantial anterior translation was also found with the application of a joint-compressive load or a quadriceps force and no anterior force. We termed this translation an anterior neutral-position shift. The anterior neutral-position shift was significantly greater in the ligament-sectioned knees compared with the intact knees, so much so that at flexion angles greater than 15 degrees, the application of a 100-N posterior force could not translate the tibia to the most anterior position achieved in the intact knee with a 100-N anterior force.
为了确定外部施加的关节压缩负荷和股四头肌力量对膝关节运动的影响，我们测试了9个完整的尸体膝关节和4个前交叉韧带切断后的膝关节。在施加100 N的前后向力、0、111、222、333或444 N的关节压缩负荷以及0或133 N的股四头肌力量后，于膝关节屈曲0度、15度、30度、45度和90度时测量前后向平移。在完整膝关节中，关节压缩负荷和股四头肌力量均显著降低了总的前后向平移，降低幅度高达50%至66%；在前交叉韧带切断的膝关节中，降低幅度为42%至71%。在施加关节压缩负荷或股四头肌力量且无前后向力时，也发现了明显的向前平移。我们将这种平移称为前向中立位偏移。与完整膝关节相比，韧带切断的膝关节中的前向中立位偏移明显更大，以至于在屈曲角度大于15度时，施加100 N的后向力无法将胫骨平移至完整膝关节在100 N前向力作用下所能达到的最前位置。
